Merck Manual

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Canaliculitis

By

Richard C. Allen

, MD, PhD, University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School

Reviewed/Revised Feb 2024
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Canaliculitis is inflammation (usually caused by infection) of the canaliculus. The canaliculus (plural, canaliculi) is a short channel near the inner corner of the eyelid through which tears drain into the tear sac. (Each eye has 2 canaliculi, one for the upper eyelid and one for the lower.)

Where Tears Come From

Where Tears Come From

Diagnosis of Canaliculitis

  • Symptoms and a doctor's examination

A doctor bases the diagnosis of canaliculitis on the symptoms and examination findings. A cloudy material can be expressed from the canaliculus when the doctor presses on it or the tear sac.

Treatment of Canaliculitis

  • Removal of infected material and irrigation by an ophthalmologist

  • Warm compresses and antibiotic eye drops

An ophthalmologist (a medical doctor who specializes in the evaluation and treatment—surgical and nonsurgical—of eye disorders) can often try to remove infected material from the canaliculus and then irrigate the infected canaliculus with an antibiotic solution. People should then apply warm compresses and use antibiotic eye drops. Occasionally, the infection requires surgical treatment to remove any blockage from the canaliculus. This surgery (called canaliculotomy) usually cures canaliculitis.

Using Eye Drops and Eye Ointments

The person receiving the drop or ointment should lean back and look up. With a clean forefinger, the lower eyelid is gently pulled down to create a pocket. Eye drops are then dropped into the pocket, not directly onto the eye. When using eye ointments, a small strip of ointment is placed in the pocket. Blinking distributes the drop or ointment over the eye.

Using Eye Drops and Eye Ointments
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