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  • Eye, Chemical Burns of
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Index
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Co

Coal workers pneumoconiosis

Who Is at Risk of Environmental Lung Diseases?Sidebar
Coal Workers' Pneumoconiosis

Coarctation of aorta

Heart Defects: Coarctation of the Aorta

Cobalamin (vitamin B12)

VitaminsTables
Vitamin B12

  • deficiency of

  • Vitamin B12: Vitamin B12 Deficiency
    Vitamin Deficiency Anemia

  • supplementation with

  • Vitamin Deficiency Anemia: Treatment

    Cocaine

    Cocaine

  • adolescent use of

  • Drug and Substance Use and Abuse in Adolescents: Other Substances

  • during pregnancy

  • Risk Factors That Develop During Pregnancy: Drugs

    Coccal infection

    see also specific infections
    How Bacteria Shape UpFigures
    Pneumococcal Infections
    Staphylococcus aureus Infections

    Coccidioidomycosis

    Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Fungi
    Coccidioidomycosis

    Coccydynia

    Levator Syndrome

    Cochlea

    A Look Inside the EarFigures
    Biology of the Ears, Nose, and Throat: Inner Ear

    Cochlear implant

    Management of Hearing Loss: Cochlear Implants
    Cochlear Implant: A System for the Severely to Profoundly DeafFigures
    Hearing Impairment in Children: Treatment

  • in children

  • Hearing Loss and Deafness: Treatment in Children

    Codeine

    Opioid AnalgesicsTables

  • abuse of

  • Opioids

  • in cough remedies

  • Cough: Cough suppressants
    Nonprescription Cold RemediesTables

  • in diarrhea

  • Diarrhea in Adults: Drugs

    Coenurosis

    Parasitic Brain Infections: Other Infections

    Coenzyme Q10

    Coenzyme Q10

    Coffee worker's lung

    What Causes Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis?Tables

    Cognitive-behavior therapy

    Treatment of Mental Illness: Psychotherapy

  • in anxiety

  • Generalized Anxiety Disorder: Treatment

  • in bulimia

  • Bulimia Nervosa: Treatment

    Cognitive impairment

    What Is a Neurologic Symptom?Sidebar

  • in Alzheimer's disease

  • Dementia: Symptoms

  • in delirium

  • Delirium: Symptoms
    Delirium or Psychosis?Tables

  • in dementia

  • Dementia: Symptoms

  • mild

  • Memory Loss: Common causes
    Some Causes and Features of Memory LossTables

  • in schizophrenia

  • Schizophrenia: Categories

    Cohort study

    Medical Decision Making: Research Studies

    Coitus interruptus

    Family Planning: Withdrawal Before Ejaculation

    Coke

    see Cocaine

    Colchicine

  • in familial Mediterranean fever

  • Familial Mediterranean Fever: Prevention and Treatment

  • in gout

  • Gout and Pseudogout: Relieving the Acute Attack
    Drugs Used to Treat GoutTables

  • in pseudogout

  • Pseudogout: Prognosis and Treatment

    Cold antibody hemolytic anemia

    Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia

    Cold autoinflammatory syndrome

    Hereditary Periodic Fever Syndromes

    Cold, common

    Common Cold
    Rhinitis: Acute viral rhinitis

  • in children

  • Respiratory Tract Infections in Children

  • remedies for

  • Common Cold: Treatment
    Nonprescription Cold RemediesTables

    Cold environment

  • allergy to

  • Physical Allergy

  • injury from

  • Cold Injuries
    Spotlight on AgingSidebar

  • keeping warm in

  • Cold Injuries

  • water submersion and

  • Drowning: Effects of Cold

    Cold sores

    Mouth Sores and Inflammation: Viral infections
    Herpes Simplex Virus Infections: Oral Infection

    Cold therapy (cryotherapy)

    Treatment of Pain and Inflammation: Cold therapy (cryotherapy)

  • after dental treatment

  • Complications After Dental Treatment: Swelling and pain

  • in back pain

  • Low Back and Neck Pain: General measures

  • in heat stroke

  • Heatstroke: Treatment

  • in sports injuries

  • Sports Injuries: Initial Treatment

  • in wart removal

  • Warts: Treatment

    Colesevelam

    Lipid-Lowering DrugsTables

    Colestipol

    Lipid-Lowering DrugsTables

    Colic

  • biliary (gallbladder pain)

  • Gallbladder and Biliary Tract
    Gallstones: Symptoms
    Cholecystitis: Symptoms

  • in infants

  • Colic

  • renal

  • Flank Pain: Causes
    Obstruction of the Urinary Tract: Symptoms
    Stones in the Urinary Tract: Symptoms

    Colistin

    AntibioticsTables

    Colitis

    see also Crohn's disease

  • antibiotic-associated

  • Microorganisms That Cause GastroenteritisTables
    Clostridium difficile-Induced Colitis
    What Are Clostridia?Sidebar
    Antibiotics: Side Effects and Allergic Reactions

  • collagenous

  • Collagenous Colitis and Lymphocytic Colitis

  • diversion

  • Diversion Colitis

  • hemorrhagic

  • Hemorrhagic Colitis

  • ischemic

  • Ischemic Colitis

  • lymphocytic

  • Collagenous Colitis and Lymphocytic Colitis

  • toxic

  • Ulcerative Colitis: Complications
    Ulcerative Colitis: Surgery

  • ulcerative

  • Ulcerative Colitis

    Collagenous colitis

    Collagenous Colitis and Lymphocytic Colitis

    Collapsed lung (pneumothorax)

    Pneumothorax
    What Is Tension Pneumothorax?Sidebar

    Colles' fracture

    Wrist Fractures

    Colon

    see Large intestine

    Colonic enema

    Constipation: Enemas

    Colonoscopy

    Selected Screening Schedule for Adults*,†Tables
    Diagnosis of Digestive Disorders: Endoscopy
    Viewing the Digestive Tract With an EndoscopeFigures
    Colorectal Cancer: Screening tests
    Diagnostic ProceduresTables

  • in cancer screening

  • Cancer Screening Recommendations*Tables

  • in Crohn's disease

  • Crohn's Disease: Diagnosis

  • in diverticulitis

  • Diverticulitis: Symptoms and Diagnosis

  • in intestinal polyps

  • Polyps of the Colon and Rectum: Symptoms and Diagnosis

  • in small intestine cancer

  • Small-Intestine Cancer: Symptoms and Diagnosis

  • in ulcerative colitis

  • Ulcerative Colitis: Complications

  • virtual

  • Colorectal Cancer: Screening tests

    Color blindness

    Inheritance of Single-Gene Disorders: Recessive Disorders
    Other Eye Symptoms: Color Blindness
    What Causes Color Blindness?Sidebar

  • testing for

  • The Eye Examination: Color Vision Testing

    Colorectal cancer

    Colorectal Cancer
    Staging Colon CancerFigures

  • screening for

  • Selected Screening Schedule for Adults*,†Tables

  • ulcerative colitis and

  • Ulcerative Colitis: Complications

    Colostomy

    Understanding ColostomyFigures

  • in colorectal cancer

  • Colorectal Cancer: Treatment

  • diversion colitis after

  • Diversion Colitis

  • in diverticulitis

  • Diverticulitis: Treatment

  • in fecal incontinence

  • Fecal Incontinence: Treatment

  • in Hirschsprung disease

  • Digestive Tract Defects: Hirschsprung's Disease

  • travel with

  • Specific Medical Conditions and Travel: Other Conditions

    Colostrum

    Physical Changes During Pregnancy: Breasts
    Feeding of Newborns and Infants: Benefits of Breastfeeding

    Colposcopy

    Tests for Gynecologic Disorders: Colposcopy
    Diagnostic ProceduresTables

    Coma

    Stupor and Coma
    Some Causes of Stupor and ComaTables

  • diabetic

  • Diabetes Mellitus (DM): Type 1
    Diabetes Mellitus (DM): Type 2
    Diabetes Mellitus (DM): Treatment

  • hepatic

  • Hepatic Encephalopathy
    Alcohol: Long-Term Effects

  • irreversible

  • Medical Terms Related to Life-Sustaining TreatmentSidebar

  • myxedema

  • Hypothyroidism: Symptoms

  • in older person

  • Spotlight on AgingSidebar

    Common bile duct

    Digestive SystemFigures
    View of the Liver and GallbladderFigures

    Common cold

    see Cold, common

    Common hepatic duct

    Digestive SystemFigures
    Gallbladder and Biliary Tract
    View of the Liver and GallbladderFigures

    Common variable immunodeficiency

    Common Variable Immunodeficiency

    Communicable diseases

    see Infection

    Communication

  • disorders of

  • in children

  • Communication Disorders in Children

  • with dying person

  • Communicating With a Dying PersonSidebar

  • with health care practitioners

  • Confidentiality and HIPAA
    Adherence to Drug Treatment: Improving Adherence

  • in medical decision-making

  • Medical Decision Making

  • with health care professionals

  • Choices to Make Before Death

  • parent-child

  • Talking With Children About Difficult TopicsSidebar
    What Is Bullying?Sidebar

    Compartment syndrome

    Fractures: Compartment Syndrome
    Fractures: Treatment of Compartment Syndrome

  • in electrical injury

  • Electrical Injuries: Symptoms

    Competency

    Some Legal Terms Related to Health CareSidebar
    Capacity to Make Health Care Decisions

    Complementary medicine

    Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM)

    Complement system

    Understanding the Immune SystemSidebar
    Biology of the Immune System: Molecules
    Innate Immunity: Complement System

    Complete blood count (CBC)

    Diagnosis of Blood Disorders: Complete Blood Count
    Complete Blood Count (CBC)Tables
    Blood Tests*Tables

    Complex partial (psychomotor) seizures

    Seizure Disorders: Partial Seizures

    Complex regional pain syndrome

    Limb Pain: What the doctor doesTables
    Types of Pain: Complex Regional Pain Syndrome

    Compliance (adherence)

  • with drug treatment

  • Making the Most of Drug TreatmentSidebar
    How to Reduce the Risk of Drug-Drug InteractionsSidebar
    Adherence to Drug Treatment
    Reasons for Not Adhering to Drug TreatmentSidebar

    Compliance (adherence), with drug treatment

    Aging and Drugs: Benefits and Risks

    Compressed air injuries

    Diving and Compressed Air Injuries

    Compressed air injury

  • recompression therapy in

  • Recompression Therapy
    Disorders Treated With Hyperbaric Oxygen TherapySidebar

    Compression bandages

  • in leg ulcers

  • Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Complications

    Compromised host

  • gastroenteritis in

  • Gastroenteritis: Viruses

    Compulsions

    Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

    Computed tomography (CT)

    Anatomy and Disease
    Computed Tomography
    Imaging the Interior: Computed TomographyFigures
    Some Disorders Detected by Computed TomographyTables
    Diagnostic ProceduresTables

  • in acromegaly

  • Acromegaly and Gigantism: Diagnosis

  • in colorectal cancer screening (virtual colonoscopy)

  • Colorectal Cancer: Screening tests

  • in Crohn's disease

  • Crohn's Disease: Diagnosis

  • in digestive system disorders

  • Diagnosis of Digestive Disorders: Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging

  • electron beam

  • Angina: Diagnosis

  • of eye

  • Tests for Eye Disorders: Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging

  • of fracture

  • Fractures: Diagnosis

  • in heart disease

  • Other Tests for Heart and Blood Vessel Disorders: Computed Tomography

  • in Hodgkin lymphoma

  • Hodgkin Lymphoma: Staging

  • in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

  • Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias: Diagnosis
    Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias: Diagnosis

  • in kidney and urinary tract disorders

  • Diagnosis of Kidney and Urinary Tract Disorders: Computed Tomography (see )

  • of liver

  • Diagnosis of Liver, Gallbladder, and Biliary Disorders: Imaging Tests

  • in lung cancer

  • Lung Cancer: Diagnosis
    Cancer Screening Recommendations*Tables

  • in lung disorders

  • Tests for Lung Disorders: Chest Imaging

  • multidetector row

  • Angina: Diagnosis

  • in musculoskeletal disorders

  • Tests for Musculoskeletal Disorders: Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
    Musculoskeletal Pain: Testing

  • in neurologic disorders

  • How Imaging Tests Help in Diagnosing Nervous System DisordersTables

  • in pancreatitis

  • Acute Pancreatitis: Diagnosis

  • with positron emission tomography

  • Radionuclide Scanning: PET Computed Tomography (PET-CT)

  • radiation risks of

  • Comparing Radiation Doses For Different Tests*Tables
    Common Imaging Tests: Risks of Radiation

  • single-photon emission (SPECT)

  • Radionuclide Scanning: Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT)

    Computed tomography angiography (CTA)

    Other Tests for Heart and Blood Vessel Disorders: Computed Tomography
    Pulmonary Embolism (PE): Diagnosis
    How Imaging Tests Help in Diagnosing Nervous System DisordersTables
    Computed Tomography: CT Angiography

    Computer keyboard, hand position at

    Proper Keyboard PositionFigures

    Conception

    see Fertilization

    Conchae, nasal

    Nose and Sinuses
    A Look Inside the Nose and ThroatFigures

    Concussion

    Concussion

    Condom

    How to Use a CondomSidebar
    How Effective Is Contraception?Tables
    Comparing Contraceptive MethodsTables
    Blocking Access: Barrier ContraceptivesFigures
    Family Planning: Condoms

    Conduct disorder

    Conduct Disorder

    Conduction aphasia

    Specific Types of Brain Dysfunction: Aphasia
    Testing a Person With AphasiaSidebar

    Conductive keratoplasty

    Refractive Disorders: Other Refractive Surgery

    Condylomata acuminata

    Genital Warts
    Growths on the Penis

    Condylomata lata

    Syphilis: Secondary Stage
    Growths on the Penis

    Cones

    Biology of the Eyes

    Cone snail sting

    Marine Animal Stings and Bites: Mollusks

    Confidentiality

    Handling Medical Records
    Confidentiality and HIPAA

    Confusion

    What Is Confusion?Sidebar

  • in delirium

  • Delirium: Symptoms

  • drug-related

  • Some Serious Adverse Drug ReactionsTables

  • in dying person

  • Symptoms During a Fatal Illness: Confusion and Unconsciousness

  • hospitalization and

  • Problems Due to Hospitalization: Confusion and Decline in Mental Function

  • mental health and

  • Personality and Behavior Changes

    Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

    Some Genetic Disorders That Can Be Detected Before BirthTables
    Genital Defects: Female Genital Defects

    Congenital disorders

    see Birth defects; Chromosome(s), abnormalities of; Genetics, disorders of

    Congenital myopathies

    Congenital Myopathies

    Congestion

  • nasal

  • Nasal Congestion and Discharge
    Some Causes and Features of Nasal Congestion and DischargeTables

    Congestive heart failure

    see Heart failure

    Conjugate gaze palsies

    Conjugate Gaze Palsies

    Conjunctiva

    An Inside Look at the EyeFigures
    Biology of the Eyes
    Protective Features of the Eyes
    Conjunctival and Scleral Disorders

  • bleeding in

  • Eye Redness
    Some Causes and Features of Eye RednessTables

  • bleeding under

  • Blunt Injuries to the Eye: Subconjunctival Hemorrhage

  • dark spots on

  • Changes in the Appearance of the Eyes: Dark Spots

  • disorders of

  • Conjunctival and Scleral Disorders

  • inflammation of

  • see Conjunctivitis

  • noncancerous growths of

  • Pinguecula and PterygiumFigures

  • noncancerous growths on

  • Pinguecula and Pterygium

  • sarcoidosis of

  • Sarcoidosis: Eyes

  • scarring of

  • Cicatricial Pemphigoid

    Conjunctivitis

    Some Causes and Features of Eye RednessTables
    Infectious Conjunctivitis
    What Is Pinkeye?Sidebar

  • allergic

  • Seasonal Allergies
    Seasonal Allergies: Eye symptoms
    Some Causes and Features of Eye RednessTables
    Allergic Conjunctivitis

  • gonococcal

  • Gonorrhea: Symptoms

  • granular

  • Trachoma

  • hemorrhagic

  • Enteroviral Infections: Common in ChildhoodSidebar

  • inclusion

  • Infectious Conjunctivitis

  • in newborn

  • Some Infections of NewbornsTables

  • in Reiter's syndrome

  • Other Types of Inflammatory Arthritis: Symptoms

    Connective tissue

    Tissues and Organs

  • disorders of

  • autoimmune

  • Autoimmune Disorders of Connective Tissue
    Characteristics of LupusSidebar

  • in diabetes mellitus

  • Long-Term Complications of DiabetesTables

  • fatigue in

  • Fatigue: What the doctor doesTables

  • hereditary

  • Hereditary Connective Tissue Disorders

  • mixed

  • Mixed Connective Tissue Disease (MCTD)

  • vasculitic

  • Vasculitic Disorders
    Some Disorders in Which Vasculitis Can OccurTables
    Biopsy of the Temporal ArteryFigures

    Conn syndrome

    Hyperaldosteronism

    Consciousness

    see also Coma; Confusion
    Stupor and Coma

  • in breath-holding spells

  • Breath-Holding Spells

  • in concussion

  • Concussion

  • in delirium

  • Delirium

  • in head injury

  • Head Injuries: Severe Head Injury

  • in heat exhaustion

  • Heat Exhaustion: Symptoms and Diagnosis

  • in heatstroke

  • Heatstroke: Symptoms

  • impairment of

  • What Is a Neurologic Symptom?Sidebar
    Coma and Impaired Consciousness

  • in lightning injury

  • Lightning Injuries: Symptoms

  • in low blood pressure

  • Fainting

  • in respiratory failure

  • Respiratory Failure and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Symptoms

  • in seizures

  • Seizure Disorders: Symptoms

    Consent

    Informed Consent
    Surgery: Decision Making
    What Participants Need to Know About Clinical Trials: Problems and Safeguards
    Elements of Informed Consent DocumentsSidebar

    Constipation

    Constipation
    Constipation: What the doctor doesTables
    Agents Used to Prevent or Treat ConstipationTables

  • abdominal pain and

  • Physical Causes and Features of Chronic Abdominal PainTables

  • bed rest and

  • Problems Due to Hospitalization: Constipation

  • dialysis and

  • Dialysis: Medical considerations

  • in dying person

  • Symptoms During a Fatal Illness: Constipation

  • in infants and children

  • Symptoms in Infants and Children
    Some Physical Causes and Features of Constipation in Infants and ChildrenTables
    Stool Incontinence in Children

  • crying and

  • Some Medical Disorders That Cause Excessive Crying in Infants and Young Children*Tables

  • in irritable bowel syndrome

  • Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

  • postoperative

  • Surgery: Complications

  • during pregnancy

  • Physical Changes During Pregnancy: Digestive Tract

  • urinary incontinence and

  • Incontinence in Children: What the doctor doesTables
    Incontinence in Children: What the doctor doesTables

    Constriction devices, in erectile dysfunction

    Erectile Dysfunction (ED): Mechanical devices

    Consumption

    see Tuberculosis

    Contact dermatitis

    Dermatitis: Contact Dermatitis
    Common Causes of Allergic Contact DermatitisSidebar
    Poison Ivy DermatitisSidebar

  • itching and

  • Itching: What the doctor doesTables

    Contact lenses

    Refractive Disorders: Corrective Lenses

  • amebic infection and

  • Amebic Infections Due to Free-Living Amebas: Amebic Keratitis

  • corneal abrasions and

  • Corneal Abrasions and Foreign Bodies: Causes

  • eye pain and

  • Eye Pain: What the doctor doesTables

  • eye pain with

  • Some Causes and Features of Eye RednessTables

  • travel with

  • Specific Medical Conditions and Travel: Other Conditions

    Contagious diseases

    see Infection

    Continuity of care

    Continuity of Care

    Continuous ambulatory electrocardiography

    Other Tests for Heart and Blood Vessel Disorders: Continuous Ambulatory Electrocardiography
    Holter Monitor: Continuous ECG ReadingsFigures

  • in angina evaluation

  • Angina: Diagnosis

  • in arrhythmias

  • Abnormal Heart Rhythms: Diagnosis

    Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

    Mechanical Ventilation: Alternatives

  • in apnea of prematurity

  • Apnea of Prematurity: Treatment

  • in atelectasis

  • Atelectasis: Prevention

  • in obstructive sleep apnea

  • Sleep Apnea: Obstructive Sleep Apnea

  • in respiratory distress syndrome

  • Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Prevention and Treatment

  • in snoring

  • Snoring: Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

  • in transient tachypnea of newborn

  • Transient Tachypnea

  • during travel

  • Specific Medical Conditions and Travel: Lung Disease

    Contraception and contraceptives

    Family Planning
    How Effective Is Contraception?Tables
    Comparing Contraceptive MethodsTables

  • for adolescents

  • Contraception and Adolescent Pregnancy

  • after childbirth

  • Postdelivery Period: Family Planning

  • barrier

  • How Effective Is Contraception?Tables
    Comparing Contraceptive MethodsTables
    Family Planning: Barrier Contraceptives
    Blocking Access: Barrier ContraceptivesFigures

  • condoms

  • How Effective Is Contraception?Tables
    Comparing Contraceptive MethodsTables
    Blocking Access: Barrier ContraceptivesFigures
    Family Planning: Condoms

  • effectiveness of

  • How Effective Is Contraception?Tables
    Comparing Contraceptive MethodsTables

  • emergency

  • Family Planning: Emergency Contraception

  • hormonal methods for

  • How Effective Is Contraception?Tables
    Comparing Contraceptive MethodsTables
    Family Planning: Hormonal Methods
    When Taking Combination Oral Contraceptives Is RestrictedSidebar

  • implants in

  • How Effective Is Contraception?Tables
    Comparing Contraceptive MethodsTables
    Family Planning: Contraceptive Implants

  • injectable

  • How Effective Is Contraception?Tables
    Comparing Contraceptive MethodsTables
    Family Planning: Contraceptive Injections

  • intrauterine devices in

  • How Effective Is Contraception?Tables
    Comparing Contraceptive MethodsTables
    Family Planning: Intrauterine Devices
    Understanding Intrauterine DevicesFigures

  • oral

  • see also Oral contraceptives
    How Effective Is Contraception?Tables
    Comparing Contraceptive MethodsTables
    Family Planning: Oral Contraceptives

  • rhythm methods in

  • How Effective Is Contraception?Tables
    Comparing Contraceptive MethodsTables
    Family Planning: Timing Methods
    All in the Timing: Natural Family PlanningFigures

  • skin patches in

  • Family Planning: Skin Patches and Vaginal Rings

  • Sponge

  • How Effective Is Contraception?Tables
    Comparing Contraceptive MethodsTables

  • sterilization in

  • Sterilization
    Disrupting the Tubes: Sterilization in WomenFigures

  • vaginal rings in

  • Family Planning: Skin Patches and Vaginal Rings

  • withdrawal method in

  • How Effective Is Contraception?Tables
    Comparing Contraceptive MethodsTables

    Contractions

  • after childbirth

  • Problems Affecting the Woman During Delivery: Excessive Uterine Bleeding
    Postdelivery Period: Abdomen

  • in labor

  • see Labor and delivery

    Contracture

  • after amputation

  • Rehabilitation for Specific Problems: Leg (lower-limb) amputation

  • after stroke

  • Preventing and Treating Problems After a StrokeTables

  • dupuytrens

  • Hand and Finger Deformities: Dupuytren's Contracture

    Contrast agents

    Common Imaging Tests: Contrast Agents

    Contrast agents, problems with

    Anaphylactoid Versus AnaphylacticSidebar

    Contusion

  • bladder

  • Bladder Injuries: Treatment

  • brain

  • Cerebral Contusions and Lacerations

  • eye

  • Blunt Injuries to the Eye: Black Eye

  • first aid for

  • Soft-Tissue Injuries

  • kidney

  • Kidney Injuries: Minor to SevereFigures

  • urethra

  • Urethral Injuries

    Conversion disorder

    Conversion Disorder
    Somatoform Disorders in Children

    Convulsions

    see Seizures

    Coombs test

    Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia: Diagnosis

    Coordination

  • disorders of

  • Coordination Disorders
    Causes of Coordination DisordersTables

  • loss of

  • in multiple system atrophy

  • Multiple System Atrophy: Symptoms

  • testing of

  • Physical Examination: Coordination, balance, and gait

    COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)

    Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

  • drug use and education in

  • Rehabilitation for Lung and Airway Disorders: Drug use and education

  • prevention of

  • Selected Strategies for Preventing Some Major Health ProblemsTables

  • rehabilitation for

  • Rehabilitation for Lung and Airway Disorders
    Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Pulmonary Rehabilitation

  • shortness of breath and

  • Shortness of Breath: Lung disorders
    Some Causes and Features of Shortness of BreathTables

  • wheezing with

  • Some Causes and Features of WheezingTables

    Copper

    MineralsTables
    Copper
    Copper: Wilson's Disease

  • deficiency of

  • Copper: Copper Deficiency

  • excess of

  • Copper: Copper Excess

  • liver accumulation of (Wilson's disease)

  • Copper: Wilson's Disease

  • hepatitis and

  • Chronic Hepatitis: Causes

  • reference range for

  • Blood Tests*Tables

    Copperhead snake bite

    Snake Bites

    Copper IUD

    Family Planning: Intrauterine Devices
    Understanding Intrauterine DevicesFigures

    Coprolalia

    Tics: Symptoms

    Coral snake bite

    Snake Bites

    Coral sting

    Marine Animal Stings and Bites: Jellyfish

    Cord

    see Umbilical cord

    Core decompression

    Osteonecrosis: Surgical procedures

    Corkscrew esophagus

    Abnormal Propulsion of Food: Esophageal Spasm

    Cork worker's lung

    What Causes Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis?Tables

    Cornea

    An Inside Look at the EyeFigures
    Biology of the Eyes

  • abrasion of

  • Eye Pain: What the doctor doesTables
    Corneal Abrasions and Foreign Bodies

  • abrasions of

  • Some Causes and Features of Eye RednessTables

  • in infant

  • Some Medical Disorders That Cause Excessive Crying in Infants and Young Children*Tables

  • age-associated changes in

  • Effects of Aging on the Eyes

  • amebic infection of

  • Amebic Infections Due to Free-Living Amebas: Amebic Keratitis

  • disorders of

  • Corneal Disorders

  • drying of

  • Keratomalacia

  • herpes simplex virus infection of

  • Herpes Simplex Virus Infections: Other Infections and Complications
    Herpes Simplex Keratitis

  • pain in

  • Eye Pain: What the doctor doesTables

  • shape changes in

  • Keratoconus

  • swelling of

  • Bullous Keratopathy

  • thickness of

  • Tests for Eye Disorders: Pachymetry

  • transplantation of

  • Transplantation of Other Organs
    Corneal Transplants and Why They Usually WorkSidebar
    Corneal Transplantation

  • ulcers of

  • Eye Pain: What the doctor doesTables
    Some Causes and Features of Eye RednessTables
    Corneal Ulcer
    Peripheral Ulcerative Keratitis

  • contact lenses and

  • Refractive Disorders: Contact Lenses

  • vision loss with

  • Some Causes and Features of Sudden Loss of VisionTables

    Corns

    Corns and Calluses

    Cornstarch

    Treatment of Skin Disorders: Drying Agents
    Stools and Urine in Infants

    Coronary arteries

    Biology of the Heart and Blood Vessels: Blood Supply of the Heart
    Supplying the Heart With BloodFigures

  • aneurysm of, in Kawasaki disease

  • Kawasaki Disease: Symptoms

  • angiography of

  • Cardiac Catheterization and Coronary Angiography: Coronary angiography ()
    Angina: Diagnosis

  • angioplasty of

  • Cardiac Catheterization and Coronary Angiography: Cardiac catheterization
    Coronary Artery Disease: Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
    Understanding Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI)Figures

  • bypass surgery of

  • Coronary Artery Disease: Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
    Coronary Artery Bypass GraftingFigures
    Angina: Revascularization Procedures

  • catheterization of

  • Cardiac Catheterization and Coronary Angiography

  • disease of

  • Coronary Artery Disease
    Coronary Artery Bypass GraftingFigures

  • after menopause

  • Menopause: After menopause

  • angina in

  • Understanding Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI)Figures
    Angina
    Drugs Used to Treat Coronary Artery DiseaseTables

  • cardiac catheterization and

  • Cardiac Catheterization and Coronary Angiography

  • in cardiomyopathy

  • Dilated Cardiomyopathy: Causes

  • in familial hypercholesterolemia

  • Dyslipidemia: Hereditary Dyslipidemias

  • heart failure with

  • Heart Failure: Systolic Dysfunction

  • prevention of

  • Coronary Artery Disease: Prevention

  • risk factors for

  • Coronary Artery Disease: Risk Factors

  • shortness of breath and

  • Some Causes and Features of Shortness of BreathTables

  • stress testing in

  • Stress Testing

  • radionuclide imaging (scanning) of

  • Other Tests for Heart and Blood Vessel Disorders: Radionuclide Imaging

    Coronary care unit

    Special Care Units: When People Need Special CareSidebar

    Coronary stent, travel and

    Specific Medical Conditions and Travel: Heart Disease

    Coronary thrombosis

    see Heart attack

    Corpora cavernosa

    Biology of the Male Reproductive System

    Cor pulmonale

    Cor Pulmonale: A Disorder Stemming From Pulmonary HypertensionSidebar

    Corpus callosum

    Brain: Cerebrum

    Corpus luteum

    Changes During the Menstrual CycleFigures
    Menstrual Cycle: Luteal Phase

  • cysts of

  • Some Causes and Features of Pelvic Pain During Early PregnancyTables
    Some Causes and Features of Vaginal Bleeding During Early PregnancyTables
    Noncancerous Ovarian Growths: Functional Cysts

    Corpus spongiosum

    Biology of the Male Reproductive System

    Corti, organ of

    Biology of the Ears, Nose, and Throat: Inner Ear

    Cortical necrosis

    Renal Cortical Necrosis

    Corticobasal ganglionic degeneration

    Parkinsonism: Symptoms

    Corticosteroids

    see also Immunosuppressive drugs (immunomodulators)
    Corticosteroids: Uses and Side EffectsSidebar

  • adrenal gland suppression by

  • Suppression of Adrenal Function by CorticosteroidsSidebar

  • in allergic conjunctivitis

  • Seasonal Allergies: Eye symptoms

  • in allergy

  • Some Drugs Used to Treat Allergies: Available FormsTables
    Allergic Reactions and Other Hypersensitivity Disorders: Corticosteroids

  • in aspergillosis

  • Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis: Treatment

  • in asthma

  • Asthma: Corticosteroids
    Drugs Used to Treat AsthmaTables

  • in autoimmune disorders

  • Chronic Hepatitis: Autoimmune Hepatitis
    Autoimmune Disorders: Treatment

  • in Bell palsy

  • Bell Palsy: Treatment

  • for canker sores

  • Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis: Treatment
    Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis: Treatment

  • control of

  • Adrenal Gland Disorders

  • in COPD

  • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Treatment of Symptoms

  • in Crohn's disease

  • Crohn's Disease: Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
    Drugs That Reduce Bowel InflammationTables

  • in croup

  • Croup: Treatment

  • in Cushing disease

  • Cushing Syndrome

  • deficiency of

  • see also Addison's disease
    Addison Disease

  • depression with

  • Depression: Causes

  • in dermatomyositis

  • Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis: Treatment

  • in dying patient

  • Symptoms During a Fatal Illness: Pain

  • in eosinophilic fasciitis

  • Eosinophilic Fasciitis: Prognosis and Treatment

  • in eosinophilic pneumonia

  • Eosinophilic Pneumonia: Prognosis and Treatment

  • in fetal lung immaturity

  • Prematurity: Prevention
    Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Prevention and Treatment

  • in fungal infection

  • Ringworm (Tinea): Treatment

  • generic substitutions for

  • When Generic Substitution May Not Be AppropriateTables

  • in gout

  • Gout and Pseudogout: Relieving the Acute Attack
    Drugs Used to Treat GoutTables

  • in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

  • Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias: Prognosis and Treatment

  • in itching

  • Itching: Topical treatments

  • in lichen planus

  • Lichen Planus: Treatment

  • in multiple myeloma

  • Multiple Myeloma: Treatment and Prognosis

  • in multiple sclerosis

  • Multiple Sclerosis (MS): Treatment

  • in muscular dystrophy

  • Duchenne and Becker Muscular Dystrophies: Treatment

  • in nasal polyps

  • Nasal Polyps

  • in nephrotic syndrome

  • Nephrotic Syndrome: Prevention and Treatment

  • osteonecrosis and

  • Osteonecrosis: Causes

  • overproduction of (Cushing syndrome)

  • Cushing Syndrome

  • in pemphigus

  • Pemphigus Vulgaris: Diagnosis and Treatment

  • in polymyositis

  • Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis: Treatment

  • in preterm labor

  • Complications of Labor and Delivery : Preterm Labor

  • in rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis

  • Glomerulonephritis (Nephritic Syndrome): Treatment

  • in rheumatoid arthritis

  • Drugs Used to Treat Rheumatoid ArthritisTables
    Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA): Corticosteroids

  • in sarcoidosis

  • Sarcoidosis: Treatment

  • in seborrheic dermatitis

  • Dermatitis: Treatment

  • in spinal cord injury

  • Injuries of the Spinal Cord and Vertebrae: Treatment

  • in sports injuries

  • Sports Injuries: Initial Treatment

  • in Stevens-Johnson syndrome

  • Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: Treatment

  • in systemic lupus erythematosus

  • Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Treatment

  • in temporal (giant cell) arteritis

  • Giant Cell Arteritis: Prognosis and Treatment

  • in tendinitis

  • Tendinitis and Tenosynovitis: Treatment

  • topical

  • Treatment of Skin Disorders: Anti-Inflammatory Agents

  • in toxic epidermal necrolysis

  • Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: Treatment

  • in transplantation

  • Drugs Used to Prevent Transplant RejectionTables

  • in ulcerative colitis

  • Ulcerative Colitis: Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
    Drugs That Reduce Bowel InflammationTables

  • vitamin deficiencies and

  • Some Drugs That Cause Vitamin DeficiencyTables

    Corticotropin (ACTH)

    Major HormonesTables
    Pituitary: The Master GlandFigures
    Pituitary Gland Disorders
    Adrenal Gland Disorders

  • in Addison disease

  • Addison Disease

  • deficiency of

  • Hypopituitarism: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Deficiency

  • measurement of

  • Hypopituitarism: Diagnosis

  • overproduction of

  • Cushing Syndrome

    Corticotropin-releasing hormone

    Adrenal Gland Disorders

    Cortisol

    see also Corticosteroids
    Major HormonesTables

  • in Cushing syndrome

  • Cushing Syndrome: Diagnosis

    Cortisone

    see Corticosteroids

    Corynebacterium minutissimum infection

    Erythrasma

    Coryza

    see Cold, common

    Cosmetic dentistry

    A Brighter Smile Through Cosmetic DentistrySidebar

    Cosmetics, dermatitis from

    Dermatitis: Contact Dermatitis
    Common Causes of Allergic Contact DermatitisSidebar

    Cosmetic surgery

    Cosmetic SurgerySidebar

    Cost-benefit study

    Medical Decision Making: Research Studies

    Cottonmouth snake bite

    Snake Bites

    Cough

    Cough
    Some Causes and Features of CoughTables

  • in asthma

  • Respiratory Disorders in Children: Symptoms

  • blood with

  • Coughing Up Blood
    Some Causes and Features of HemoptysisTables

  • in bronchiectasis

  • Bronchiectasis and Atelectasis: Symptoms

  • in children

  • Cough in Children
    Some Causes and Features of Cough in ChildrenTables

  • in COPD

  • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Symptoms

  • in croup

  • Croup: Symptoms and Diagnosis

  • cystic fibrosis

  • Cystic Fibrosis (CF): Symptoms

  • drugs for

  • in children

  • Cough in Children: Treatment

  • fainting with

  • Fainting: What the doctor doesTables

  • in Hodgkinlymphoma

  • Symptoms of Hodgkin LymphomaTables

  • in lung cancer

  • Lung Cancer: Symptoms

  • remedies for

  • Cough: Treatment
    Common Cold: Treatment
    Nonprescription Cold RemediesTables

  • in tuberculosis

  • Tuberculosis and Leprosy: Pulmonary Tuberculosis

  • whooping (pertussis)

  • Pertussis

  • immunization for

  • Protecting Children Through VaccinesTables
    Protecting Adults Through VaccinesTables
    Common Vaccinations: Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis
    Vaccinating Infants and ChildrenFigures
    Bacterial Infections Preventable With Routine ImmunizationSidebar

    Counseling

  • for children of divorce

  • Divorce and Children

  • genetic

  • Genetic Screening
    Who Should Consider Genetic Screening?Tables

  • in muscular dystrophy

  • Duchenne and Becker Muscular Dystrophies: Diagnosis

  • in pulmonary medicine

  • Rehabilitation for Lung and Airway Disorders: Psychosocial counseling

  • in sickle cell disease

  • Sickle Cell Disease: Screening

    Coup contrecoup injury

    Cerebral Contusions and Lacerations

    Coxibs

    see Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors

    Coxiella burnetii infection (Q fever)

    Some Rickettsial and Related InfectionsTables

    COX-2 inhibitors

    see Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors

    Coxsackie B virus infection

    Dilated Cardiomyopathy: Causes

    Coxsackievirus infection

  • pleural

  • Viral Pleuritis

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