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Index
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La

Labia majora

Female External Genital Organs
External Female Genital OrgansFigures

  • in newborn

  • Physical Examination of the Newborn

    Labia minora

    Female External Genital Organs
    External Female Genital OrgansFigures

    Labor and delivery

    Normal Labor and Delivery

  • amniotic fluid embolism in

  • Problems Affecting the Woman During Delivery: Amniotic Fluid Embolism

  • birthing centers for

  • Normal Labor and Delivery

  • cerebral palsy after

  • Cerebral Palsy (CP)

  • cesarean section for

  • Labor and Delivery Procedures: Cesarean Delivery

  • complications of

  • Complications of Labor and Delivery
    Position and Presentation of the FetusFigures
    Using Forceps or a Vacuum ExtractorFigures

  • disseminated intravascular coagulation in

  • Problems Affecting the Woman During Delivery: Amniotic Fluid Embolism
    Placental Abruption (Abruptio Placentae): Symptoms and Diagnosis

  • drug use during

  • Drug Use During Pregnancy: Drugs Used During Labor and Delivery

  • fetal problems during

  • Monitoring the FetusSidebar
    Fetus or Newborn Problems During Delivery
    Position and Presentation of the FetusFigures
    Anemia in the Newborn: Symptoms and Diagnosis

  • forceps for

  • Delivery: Delivery of the Baby
    Labor and Delivery Procedures
    Using Forceps or a Vacuum ExtractorFigures

  • induction of

  • Complications of Labor and Delivery : Premature Rupture of the Membranes
    Labor and Delivery Procedures

  • infection after

  • Postpartum Infections

  • inverted uterus with

  • Problems Affecting the Woman During Delivery: Inverted Uterus

  • maternal heart disease and

  • Heart Disorders During Pregnancy

  • maternal problems during

  • Problems Affecting the Woman During Delivery

  • monitoring after

  • Postdelivery Period: Hospital (What to Expect)

  • of multiple births

  • Fetus or Newborn Problems During Delivery: Multiple Births

  • natural

  • Natural ChildbirthSidebar

  • newborn injury during

  • Birth Injury

  • pain relief during

  • Labor: Pain Relief

  • position for

  • Delivery

  • postdelivery period and

  • Postdelivery Period
    After Delivery: The Body's Return to NormalTables
    After Delivery: When to Call the DoctorTables

  • postterm

  • Postmaturity

  • presentations for

  • Labor: Admission to a Hospital or Birthing Center
    Fetus or Newborn Problems During Delivery: Abnormal Position and Presentation of the Fetus
    Position and Presentation of the FetusFigures
    Physical Examination of the Newborn

  • preterm

  • Complications of Labor and Delivery : Preterm Labor
    Prematurity
    Physical Features of a Premature NewbornSidebar

  • shoulder dystocia in

  • Fetus or Newborn Problems During Delivery: Shoulder Dystocia

  • slow progression of

  • Complications of Labor and Delivery : Labor That Progresses Too Slowly

  • stages of

  • Labor

  • timing problems in

  • Complications of Labor and Delivery

  • of twins

  • Fetus or Newborn Problems During Delivery: Multiple Births

  • umbilical cord prolapse in

  • Fetus or Newborn Problems During Delivery: Prolapsed Umbilical Cord

  • uterine bleeding after

  • Problems Affecting the Woman During Delivery: Excessive Uterine Bleeding

  • vacuum extractor for

  • Labor and Delivery Procedures
    Using Forceps or a Vacuum ExtractorFigures

    Labyrinth (inner ear)

    A Look Inside the EarFigures
    Biology of the Ears, Nose, and Throat: Inner Ear

  • disorders of

  • Middle Ear Disorders
    Inner Ear Disorders
    How Ear Disorders Affect the Facial NerveFigures

    Labyrinthectomy

    Meniere Disease: Diagnosis and Treatment

    Labyrinthitis

    Some Causes and Features of Dizziness and VertigoTables

  • in children

  • Middle Ear Infections in Young Children: Complications

  • nausea with

  • Some Causes and Features of Nausea and VomitingTables

  • purulent

  • Purulent Labyrinthitis

    Laceration

  • bladder

  • Bladder Injuries: Treatment

  • cerebral

  • Cerebral Contusions and Lacerations

  • ear

  • Ear Injury

  • esophagus

  • Injury to the Esophagus: Esophageal Laceration

  • eye

  • Lacerated Eyeball

  • eyelid

  • Eyelid Lacerations

  • first aid for

  • Wounds

  • kidney

  • Kidney Injuries
    Kidney Injuries: Minor to SevereFigures

  • liver

  • Diagnosis of Liver, Gallbladder, and Biliary Disorders: Biopsy of the Liver

    Lacrimal system

    see also Tears and tear system
    Where Tears Come FromFigures
    Eyelid and Tearing Disorders

    La Cross encephalitis

    Encephalitis: Epidemic Encephalitis

    Lactase deficiency

    Effects of Aging on the Digestive System: Small Intestine
    Diarrhea in Adults: Classification
    Lactose Intolerance

    Lactate (lactic acid)

    Blood Tests*Tables

    Lactate dehydrogenase

    Selected Tumor Markers*Tables

    Lactation

    see also Breastfeeding

  • abnormal (galactorrhea)

  • Galactorrhea

    Lactic dehydrogenase

    Blood Tests*Tables

    Lactobacilli, of vagina

    Bacterial Vaginosis: Causes

    Lactobacillus

    Gastroenteritis: Treatment

    Lactose

    Disorders of Carbohydrate Metabolism

  • intolerance to

  • Some Causes and Features of DiarrheaTables

    Lactose intolerance

    Effects of Aging on the Digestive System: Small Intestine
    Diarrhea in Adults: Classification
    Lactose Intolerance

    Lactulose

  • in constipation

  • Agents Used to Prevent or Treat ConstipationTables

  • in liver encephalopathy

  • Hepatic Encephalopathy: Treatment

    Lacunar disease

    Dementia: Vascular Dementia

    Lacunar infarct

    Ischemic Stroke: Causes

    Lamaze method

    Natural ChildbirthSidebar

    Laminaria

    Abortion: Surgical Evacuation

    Laminectomy

    Low Back and Neck Pain: Surgery for back pain

    Lamivudine

    Chronic Hepatitis: Hepatitis B and C
    Drugs For HIV InfectionTables

    Lamotrigine

  • in manic-depressive illness

  • Bipolar Disorder (Manic-Depressive Illness): Anticonvulsants

  • in seizure disorders

  • Drugs Used to Treat SeizuresTables

    Landouzy-Dejerine (facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy)

    Other Forms of Muscular Dystrophy

    Langerhans' cell granulomatosis

    Pulmonary Langerhans' Cell Granulomatosis

    Langerhans' cells

    Structure and Function of the Skin: Epidermis

    Language

  • in autism

  • Autism Spectrum Disorders: Language

  • in brain injury

  • Specific Types of Brain Dysfunction: Aphasia
    Testing a Person With AphasiaSidebar

  • development of

  • Intellectual Development
    Communication Disorders in Children

  • in dyslexia

  • Learning Disorders: Dyslexia

  • in hearing loss in children

  • Hearing Impairment in Children: Symptoms

  • in Klinefelter syndrome

  • Klinefelter Syndrome

  • in mental retardation

  • Intellectual Disability: Symptoms

  • in Rett syndome

  • Autism Spectrum Disorders: Rett Syndrome

    Lansoprazole

    Drugs Used to Treat Peptic DisordersTables

    Laparoscopy

    Diagnosis of Digestive Disorders: Laparoscopy
    Tests for Gynecologic Disorders: Laparoscopy
    Problems With the Fallopian Tubes: Diagnosis
    Surgery Through a KeyholeSidebar
    Diagnostic ProceduresTables

    Laparotomy, in cancer staging

    Diagnosis of Cancer: Staging

    Large-for-gestational-age infant

    Large for Gestational Age (LGA)

    Large intestine

    Digestive SystemFigures
    Large Intestine

  • age-associated changes in

  • Effects of Aging on the Digestive System: Large Intestine and Rectum

  • amebiasis of

  • Amebiasis

  • blockage (obstruction) of

  • Constipation: Causes

  • blockage (obstruction) of

  • Constipation: What the doctor doesTables

  • pregnancy and

  • Some Causes and Features of Nausea and Vomiting During Early PregnancyTables
    Some Causes and Features of Pelvic Pain During Early PregnancyTables

  • cancer of

  • Colorectal Cancer
    Staging Colon CancerFigures

  • abdominal pain and

  • Physical Causes and Features of Chronic Abdominal PainTables

  • screening for

  • Cancer Screening Recommendations*Tables

  • ulcerative colitis and

  • Ulcerative Colitis: Complications

  • Crohn's disease of

  • Crohn's Disease
    Drugs That Reduce Bowel InflammationTables

  • diverticulitis of

  • Constipation: Complications
    Diverticulitis
    Complications of Diverticular DiseaseFigures

  • diverticulosis of

  • Diverticulosis
    What Is Diverticulosis?Figures

  • endoscopy of

  • Diagnosis of Digestive Disorders: Endoscopy
    Viewing the Digestive Tract With an EndoscopeFigures

  • Escherichia coli infection of

  • Hemorrhagic Colitis

  • fistula of

  • Diverticulitis: Complications
    Complications of Diverticular DiseaseFigures

  • hemorrhagic colitis of

  • Hemorrhagic Colitis

  • Hirschsprung disease of

  • Digestive Tract Defects: Hirschsprung's Disease

  • inflammatory disease of

  • see also Colitis
    Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD)
    Drugs That Reduce Bowel InflammationTables

  • ischemia of

  • Occlusive Peripheral Arterial Disease: Superior Mesenteric Artery
    When the Blood Supply to the Intestine Is BlockedFigures
    Occlusive Peripheral Arterial Disease: Superior Mesenteric Artery
    Ischemic Colitis

  • perforation of

  • Perforation of the Digestive Tract
    Some Causes of PerforationTables

  • polyps of

  • Polyps of the Colon and Rectum

  • spastic (irritable bowel syndrome)

  • Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

  • strangulation of

  • Intestinal Obstruction: Strangulation
    What Causes Intestinal Strangulation?Figures

  • surgical removal of

  • Ulcerative Colitis: Surgery
    Familial Adenomatous Polyposis: Treatment

  • tumors of

  • Polyps of the Colon and Rectum

  • ulcerative colitis of

  • Ulcerative Colitis

    Larva migrans

  • cutaneous

  • Cutaneous Larva Migrans

  • visceral (toxocariasis)

  • Toxocariasis

    Laryngitis

    Laryngitis

    Laryngoceles

    Laryngoceles

    Laryngotracheobronchitis

    Respiratory Tract Infections in Children
    Croup

    Larynx (voice box)

    Respiratory System
    Inside the Lungs and AirwaysFigures
    A Look Inside the Nose and ThroatFigures
    Throat

  • cancer of

  • Laryngeal Cancer
    Speech Without Vocal CordsSidebar

  • outpouchings of (laryngoceles)

  • Laryngoceles

  • papilloma of

  • Laryngeal Papillomas

    Laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK)

    Refractive Disorders: Laser in situ Keratomileusis (LASIK)

    Laser therapy

  • for birthmarks

  • Using Lasers to Treat Skin ProblemsSidebar

  • for diabetic retinopathy

  • Diabetic Retinopathy: Treatment

  • for endometriosis

  • Endometriosis: Surgery

  • for glaucoma

  • Glaucoma: Treatment

  • for hair removal

  • Hairiness: Physical methods

  • for macular degeneration

  • Age-Related Macular Degeneration : Drug treatments and laser procedures

  • for retinal detachment

  • Detachment of the Retina: Treatment

  • for retinopathy of prematurity

  • Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP): Prevention and Treatment

  • for varicose veins

  • Varicose Veins: Laser therapy

  • for vision (refractive) disorders

  • Refractive Disorders: Surgery for Refractive Errors

  • for wart removal

  • Warts: Treatment

    LASIK (laser in situ keratomileusis)

    Refractive Disorders: Laser in situ Keratomileusis (LASIK)

    Latanoprost

    Drugs Used to Treat GlaucomaTables

    Lateral epicondylitis (backhand tennis elbow)

    Elbow Injuries: Lateral Epicondylitis
    When the Elbow HurtsFigures
    Strengthening the Wrist MusclesSidebar

    Latex sensitivity

    What Is Latex Sensitivity?Sidebar

    Laughing gas

    Abused Inhalants With Medical UsesSidebar

    Lavage, bronchoalveolar

    Tests for Lung Disorders: Bronchoscopy

    Laws

    see Legal issues

    Laxatives

    Constipation: Laxatives
    Agents Used to Prevent or Treat ConstipationTables

  • abuse of

  • Other Drugs of AbuseSidebar

  • in children

  • Symptoms in Infants and Children: Stool softeners and laxatives

  • in irritable bowel syndrome

  • Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): Treatment

  • overuse of

  • Constipation: Complications

    Lazy bowel syndrome

    Constipation: Laxatives

    laldlelhlilolsluly
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