 |
|
LAAM (levomethadyl acetate)
|  |
Opioids: Maintenance
|
 |
|
Labetalol
|  |
|
 |
|
in aortic dissection
|  |
Aortic Dissection: Treatment
|
 |
|
in hypertensive emergency
|  |
Parenteral Drugs for Hypertensive Emergencies
Hypertensive Emergencies: Treatment
|
 |
|
in pregnancy
|  |
Hypertension in Pregnancy: Drugs
|
 |
|
Labor and delivery
|  |
see also Birth
Management of Normal Labor
Management of Normal Delivery
Sequence of events in delivery for vertex presentations. 
|
 |
|
abnormal presentations during
|  |
Fetal Dystocia:
Occiput posterior presentation
Approach to the Care of Normal Infants and Children: Head and neck
|
 |
|
analgesia for
|  |
Management of Normal Labor:
Analgesia
|
 |
|
anesthesia for
|  |
Management of Normal Labor:
Analgesia
Management of Normal Delivery:
Anesthesia
|
 |
|
breech presentation during
|  |
Fetal Dystocia:
Breech presentation
|
 |
|
cardiac output during
|  |
Heart Disorders in Pregnancy: Pathophysiology
|
 |
|
care after
|  |
Postpartum Care and Associated Disorders
Normal Postpartum Changes
|
 |
|
complications of
|  |
Management of Normal Labor:
Birthing options
Abnormalities and Complications of Labor and Delivery
|
 |
|
diabetes mellitus and
|  |
Diabetes Mellitus in Pregnancy (Gestational Diabetes):
Labor and delivery
|
 |
|
dystocia in
|  |
Fetal Dystocia
|
 |
|
fetal monitoring during
|  |
Management of Normal Labor:
Fetal Monitoring
Small-for-Gestational-Age (SGA) Infant: Complications
|
 |
|
fetopelvic disproportion during
|  |
Fetal Dystocia:
Fetopelvic disproportion
|
 |
|
forceps for
|  |
Management of Normal Delivery: Delivery Procedures
|
 |
|
head molding during
|  |
Approach to the Care of Normal Infants and Children: Head and neck
|
 |
|
hemorrhage after
|  |
Postpartum Hemorrhage
Perinatal Hematologic Disorders:
Blood loss
|
 |
|
induction of
|  |
Alternatives to Spontaneous Labor and Delivery:
Induction of Labor
|
 |
|
infection with
|  |
Infections in Neonates
|
 |
|
inverted uterus and
|  |
Inverted Uterus
|
 |
|
Leopold maneuvers for
|  |
Leopold maneuver. 
|
 |
|
meconium aspiration during
|  |
Meconium Aspiration Syndrome
|
 |
|
occiput posterior presentation during
|  |
Fetal Dystocia:
Occiput posterior presentation
|
 |
|
premature rupture of membranes and
|  |
Management of Normal Labor: Rupture of membranes
Premature Rupture of Membranes (PROM)
|
 |
|
preterm
|  |
see also Premature infant
Risk Factors for Complications During Pregnancy:
Prior preterm delivery
Preterm Labor
|
 |
|
protracted
|  |
Protracted Labor
|
 |
|
Ringer's lactate during
|  |
Management of Normal Labor: Preparation for delivery
|
 |
|
shoulder dystocia during
|  |
Fetal Dystocia:
Shoulder dystocia
|
 |
|
stages of
|  |
Management of Normal Labor:
Stages of labor
|
 |
|
transverse lie during
|  |
Fetal Dystocia:
Transverse lie
|
 |
|
umbilical cord prolapse and
|  |
Umbilical Cord Prolapse
|
 |
|
uterine rupture and
|  |
Uterine Rupture
|
 |
|
Laboratory tests
|  |
see also specific tests
|
 |
|
in acute kidney injury
|  |
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury Based on Laboratory Findings
|
 |
|
in clinical decision making
|  |
Testing
Distributions of test results.
Typical receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.
Distribution of Hypothetical Test Results
Distribution of Test Results of a Hypothetical Leukocyte Esterase Test in a Cohort of 1000 Women With an Assumed 30% Prevalence of UTI
Distribution of Test Results of a Hypothetical Leukocyte Esterase Test in a Cohort of 1000 Women With an Assumed 5% Prevalence of UTI
Testing: Testing Thresholds
|
 |
|
false-negative
|  |
Testing
Distributions of test results.
Distribution of Hypothetical Test Results
Distribution of Test Results of a Hypothetical Leukocyte Esterase Test in a Cohort of 1000 Women With an Assumed 30% Prevalence of UTI
Distribution of Test Results of a Hypothetical Leukocyte Esterase Test in a Cohort of 1000 Women With an Assumed 5% Prevalence of UTI
Interpretation of a Hypothetical Leukocyte Esterase (LE) Test Result in a Cohort of 1000 Women Assuming a 30% Prevalence of UTI (Pre-Test Probability), Test Sensitivity 71%, and Specificity 85%*
|
 |
|
false-positive
|  |
Testing
Distributions of test results.
Distribution of Hypothetical Test Results
Distribution of Test Results of a Hypothetical Leukocyte Esterase Test in a Cohort of 1000 Women With an Assumed 30% Prevalence of UTI
Distribution of Test Results of a Hypothetical Leukocyte Esterase Test in a Cohort of 1000 Women With an Assumed 5% Prevalence of UTI
Interpretation of a Hypothetical Leukocyte Esterase (LE) Test Result in a Cohort of 1000 Women Assuming a 30% Prevalence of UTI (Pre-Test Probability), Test Sensitivity 71%, and Specificity 85%*
|
 |
|
likelihood ratio in
|  |
Testing:
Likelihood ratios (LRs)
Fagan nomogram.
Fagan nomogram used to determine need to test.
|
 |
|
odds-likelihood formulation for
|  |
Testing:
Odds-likelihood nomogram
Fagan nomogram.
|
 |
|
preoperative
|  |
Preoperative Evaluation: Testing
|
 |
|
sensitivity of
|  |
Distributions of test results.
Testing: Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values
|
 |
|
specificity of
|  |
Distributions of test results.
Testing: Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values
|
 |
|
threshold for
|  |
Clinical Decision-Making Strategies:
Probability Estimations and the Treatment Threshold
|
 |
|
units of measurement for
|  |
Ready Reference Guides
|
 |
|
Laboratory worker's lung
|  |
Examples of Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis
|
 |
|
Labyrinthitis
|  |
Some Causes of Dizziness and Vertigo
Purulent Labyrinthitis
|
 |
|
Lacerations
|  |
Lacerations
Suture Materials
Simple deep dermal suture.
Simple cutaneous suture.
Suture spacing.
Vertical mattress suture.
Running suture.
|
 |
|
ear
|  |
External Ear Trauma:
Lacerations
|
 |
|
ocular
|  |
Eye Contusions and Lacerations
|
 |
|
Lachman's test
|  |
Knee Sprains and Meniscal Injuries: Diagnosis
|
 |
|
Lacrimal apparatus
|  |
Anatomy of the lacrimal system.
|
 |
|
obstruction of
|  |
Tearing
Some Causes of Tearing
|
 |
|
palpation of
|  |
Evaluation of the Ophthalmologic Patient:
Eyelid and conjunctival examination
|
 |
|
Lacrimal sac
|  |
Anatomy of the lacrimal system.
|
 |
|
infection of
|  |
Dacryocystitis
|
 |
|
Lacrimal system
|  |
|
 |
|
disorders of
|  |
Eyelid and Lacrimal Disorders
|
 |
|
La Crosse encephalitis
|  |
Arbovirus, Arenavirus, and Filovirus Diseases
Encephalitis: Primary viral infection
|
 |
|
b-Lactam antibiotics
|  |
see also Penicillin
Overview of Antibacterial Drugs: Effectiveness
Usual Doses of Commonly Prescribed Antibiotics
β-Lactams
|
 |
|
Lactase deficiency
|  |
Gas-Related Complaints:
Excessive flatus
Carbohydrate Intolerance
|
 |
|
Lactate
|  |
|
 |
|
serum
|  |
|
 |
|
in shock
|  |
Intravenous Fluid Resuscitation: End Point and Monitoring
|
 |
|
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
|  |
|
 |
|
in anemia
|  |
Evaluation of Anemia:
Testing
|
 |
|
disease-related alterations in
|  |
Laboratory Tests of the Liver and Gallbladder:
Lactate dehydrogenase
|
 |
|
Lactation
|  |
see also Breastfeeding
see also Breast milk
Postpartum Care and Associated Disorders:
Breast engorgement
|
 |
|
abnormal
|  |
Galactorrhea
|
 |
|
suppression of
|  |
Postpartum Care and Associated Disorders:
Breast engorgement
|
 |
|
Lactic acidosis
|  |
Metabolic Acidosis: High anion gap acidosis
Metabolic Acidosis:
Lactic Acidosis
|
 |
|
Lactobionate
|  |
Usual Doses of Commonly Prescribed Antibiotics
|
 |
|
Lactose-H2 breath test
|  |
Malabsorption Syndromes: Diagnosing the cause of malabsorption
Carbohydrate Intolerance: Diagnosis
|
 |
|
Lactose intolerance
|  |
Carbohydrate Intolerance
|
 |
|
diarrhea with
|  |
Diarrhea:
Osmotic load
Dietary Factors That May Worsen Diarrhea
|
 |
|
irritable bowel syndrome and
|  |
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS):
Diet
|
 |
|
protein-energy undernutrition and
|  |
Protein-Energy Undernutrition: Treatment
|
 |
|
test for
|  |
Carbohydrate Intolerance: Diagnosis
|
 |
|
Lactose tolerance test
|  |
Carbohydrate Intolerance: Diagnosis
|
 |
|
Lactotrophs
|  |
Principles of Endocrinology:
Prolactin
|
 |
|
Lactulose
|  |
|
 |
|
constipation and
|  |
Agents Used to Treat Constipation
Constipation:
Types of laxatives
Treatment of Constipation
|
 |
|
diarrhea and
|  |
Diarrhea:
Osmotic load
|
 |
|
in portosystemic encephalopathy
|  |
Portosystemic Encephalopathy: Treatment
|
 |
|
Lacunar infarct
|  |
Selected Stroke Syndromes
Ischemic Stroke:
Lacunar infarcts
Ischemic Stroke: Symptoms and Signs
|
 |
|
Laguna Negra virus infection
|  |
Hantavirus Infection:
Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS)
|
 |
|
Lambert-Eaton syndrome
|  |
Examples of Disorders Associated With Defects in Neurotransmission
|
 |
|
Lamin A
|  |
Progeria
|
 |
|
Laminaria
|  |
Induced Abortion: Instrumental evacuation
|
 |
|
Lamivudine
|  |
Antiretroviral Drugs 
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV):
Treatment
|
 |
|
in children
|  |
Dosage and Administration of Antiretroviral Drugs for Childrena

|
 |
|
in chronic hepatitis B
|  |
Comparison of Drugs Commonly Used to Treat Chronic Viral Hepatitis B
Chronic Hepatitis: HBV
|
 |
|
Lamotrigine
|  |
|
 |
|
in bipolar disorder
|  |
Bipolar Disorders: Anticonvulsants
Selected Drugs for Bipolar Disorder*
|
 |
|
during breastfeeding
|  |
Some Drugs Contraindicated for Breastfeeding Mothers
|
 |
|
in pregnancy
|  |
Some Drugs With Adverse Effects During Pregnancy
|
 |
|
in seizures
|  |
Drugs Used in Seizure Disordersa

|
 |
|
Langer-Giedion syndrome
|  |
Examples of Contiguous Gene Deletion Syndromes
|
 |
|
Langerhans cell
|  |
Components of the Immune System:
Antigen-Presenting Cells
|
 |
|
Langerhans' cell histiocytosis (granulomatosis)
|  |
Tumors of Bones and Joints: Characteristic findings
Langerhans' Cell Histiocytosis
|
 |
|
pulmonary
|  |
Pulmonary Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
|
 |
|
Language
|  |
|
 |
|
development of
|  |
Childhood Development:
Language Development
|
 |
|
autism and
|  |
Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD): Symptoms and Signs
|
 |
|
dyslexia and
|  |
Dyslexia: Symptoms and Signs
|
 |
|
loss of
|  |
Aphasia
|
 |
|
Lanreotide
|  |
Gigantism and Acromegaly: Treatment
|
 |
|
Lansoprazole
|  |
Some Oral Drugs for Dyspepsia
Drug Treatment of Gastric Acidity:
Proton pump inhibitors
Proton Pump Inhibitors
|
 |
|
in gastroesophageal reflux disease
|  |
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): Treatment
|
 |
|
in Helicobacter pylori infection
|  |
Helicobacter pylori Infection : Treatment
|
 |
|
Lanthanum carbonate
|  |
Medical Aspects of Long-Term Renal Replacement Therapy:
Hyperphosphatemia
|
 |
|
Laparoscopy
|  |
Laparoscopy
|
 |
|
in appendicitis
|  |
Appendicitis: Diagnosis
|
 |
|
in gynecologic evaluation
|  |
Approach to the Gynecologic Patient: Laparoscopy
|
 |
|
Laparotomy
|  |
Foreign Bodies in the GI Tract:
Gastric and intestinal foreign bodies
|
 |
|
abdominal trauma and
|  |
Abdominal Trauma:
Laparotomy
|
 |
|
Large-for-gestational-age infant
|  |
Level of intrauterine growth based on birth weight and gestational age of liveborn, single, white infants. 
Large-for-Gestational-Age(LGA) Infant
|
 |
|
Large intestine
|  |
see Colon
|
 |
|
Larsen's syndrome
|  |
Hip, Leg, and Foot Abnormalities:
Knee dislocation
|
 |
|
Larva migrans
|  |
Cutaneous Larva Migrans
Hookworm Infection: Symptoms and Signs
|
 |
|
ocular
|  |
Toxocariasis
|
 |
|
visceral
|  |
Toxocariasis
|
 |
|
Laryngeal mask airway
|  |
Airway Establishment and Control: Laryngeal mask airways (LMAs)
Laryngeal mask airway (LMA).
|
 |
|
Laryngectomy
|  |
Laryngeal Cancer: Treatment
|
 |
|
Laryngitis
|  |
Laryngitis
|
 |
|
Laryngoceles
|  |
Laryngoceles
|
 |
|
Laryngoscopy
|  |
Laryngeal Disorders
|
 |
|
in airway control
|  |
Airway Establishment and Control: Insertion technique
Bimanual laryngoscopy.
|
 |
|
in epiglottitis
|  |
Epiglottitis: Diagnosis
|
 |
|
in smoke inhalation
|  |
Smoke Inhalation
|
 |
|
Laryngospasm
|  |
Some Causes of Stridor
|
 |
|
Laryngotracheobronchitis
|  |
Parainfluenza Virus Infections
Croup
|
 |
|
Larynx
|  |
|
 |
|
cancer of
|  |
Laryngeal Cancer
|
 |
|
evaginations of
|  |
Laryngoceles
|
 |
|
inflammation of
|  |
Laryngitis
|
 |
|
spastic dystonia of
|  |
Dystonias: Focal dystonias
|
 |
|
tumors of
|  |
Benign Laryngeal Tumors
|
 |
|
visualization of
|  |
Laryngeal Disorders
|
 |
|
Laser peripheral iridotomy
|  |
Angle-Closure Glaucoma: Acute angle-closure glaucoma
|
 |
|
Laser trabeculoplasty
|  |
Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: Surgery
|
 |
|
LASIK (laser in situ keratomileusis)
|  |
Refractive Surgery:
Laser In Situ Keratomileusis (LASIK)
|
 |
|
Lassa fever
|  |
Some Viruses That Cause Hemorrhagic Fever
Arbovirus, Arenavirus, and Filovirus Diseases
Arboviridae, Arenaviridae, and Filoviridae: Treatment
Lassa Fever
|
 |
|
Latanoprost
|  |
Drugs Used to Treat Glaucoma
|
 |
|
Lateral epicondylitis
|  |
Lateral Epicondylitis
|
 |
|
Lateral sclerosis
|  |
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Other Motor Neuron Diseases:
Primary lateral sclerosis and progressive pseudobulbar palsy
|
 |
|
Latetalol
|  |
Oral β -Blockers for Hypertension
|
 |
|
Latex allergy
|  |
Diabetes Mellitus and Disorders of Carbohydrate Metabolism: Complications of insulin treatment
Latex Sensitivity
|
 |
|
Latrodectism
|  |
Spider Bites: Symptoms and Signs
|
 |
|
Laurence-Moon syndrome
|  |
Male Hypogonadism in Children:
Secondary
|
 |
|
Lavage
|  |
|
 |
|
bronchoalveolar
|  |
Bronchoscopy: Procedure
|
 |
|
in hypersensitivity pneumonitis
|  |
Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis:
Bronchoalveolar lavage
|
 |
|
in pneumonia
|  |
Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia: Diagnosis
|
 |
|
in pulmonary alveolar proteinosis
|  |
Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis: Diagnosis
|
 |
|
in sarcoidosis
|  |
Sarcoidosis: Disease severity assessment
|
 |
|
diagnostic peritoneal
|  |
Abdominal Trauma: Penetrating trauma
|
 |
|
gastric
|  |
|
 |
|
in poisoning
|  |
Poisoning:
Gastric emptying
|
 |
|
nasogastric
|  |
GI Bleeding: Testing
|
 |
|
peritoneal
|  |
Approach to the Trauma Patient: Testing
|
 |
|
whole lung
|  |
|
 |
|
in pulmonary alveolar proteinosis
|  |
Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis: Treatment
|
 |
|
in silicosis
|  |
Silicosis: Treatment
|
 |
|
Lawrence-Moon syndrome
|  |
Retinitis Pigmentosa
|
 |
|
Laxatives
|  |
Agents Used to Treat Constipation
Constipation:
Types of laxatives
|
 |
|
abuse of
|  |
Diarrhea: Testing
Drug- and Chemical-Related Gastroenteritis
Hypokalemia:
Drugs
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis
|
 |
|
for children
|  |
Treatment of Constipation
|
 |
|
for dying patient
|  |
Symptom Control in the Dying:
Constipation
|
 |
|
for elderly
|  |
High-Risk Drugs in the Elderly (Based on the Beers Criteria)
|
 |
|
porphyria and
|  |
Drugs and Porphyria*
|
 |
|
Lazarus sign
|  |
Brain Death: Prognosis
|