Sections
Index
Symptoms
Cardiovascular Disorders
Clinical Pharmacology
Critical Care Medicine
Dental Disorders
Dermatologic Disorders
Ear, Nose, and Throat Disorders
Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
Eye Disorders
Gastrointestinal Disorders
Genitourinary Disorders
Geriatrics
Gynecology and Obstetrics
Hematology and Oncology
Hepatic and Biliary Disorders
Immunology; Allergic Disorders
Infectious Diseases
Injuries; Poisoning
Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders
Neurologic Disorders
Nutritional Disorders
Pediatrics
Psychiatric Disorders
Pulmonary Disorders
Special Subjects
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
Abdominal Pain, Acute
Abdominal Pain, Chronic
Alopecia
Amenorrhea
Amnesia
Anosmia
Bleeding, Excessive
Breast Lumps
Chest Pain
Constipation in Adults
Constipation in Children
Cough in Adults
Cough in Children
Crying
Diarrhea in Adults
Diarrhea in Children
Diplopia
Dizziness
Dry Mouth
Dysmenorrhea
Dyspepsia
Dysphagia
Dyspnea
Dysuria
Earache
Ear Discharge
Edema
Edema During Late Pregnancy
Epistaxis
Erectile dysfunction
Eyelid Swelling
Eye Pain
Fever
Fever, Acute, in Adults
Fever, Chronic (FUO)
Fever in Infants and Children
Floaters
Gas
Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Halitosis
Headache
Hearing Loss
Hearing Loss: Sudden Deafness
Hematospermia
Hematuria
Hemoptysis
Hiccups
Hirsutism
Insomnia and Excessive Daytime Sleepiness
Itching
Itching, Anal
Jaundice in Adults
Jaundice in Neonates
Joint Pain, Monarticular
Joint Pain, Polyarticular
Knee pain
Lump in Throat
Nasal Congestion and Rhinorrhea
Nausea and Vomiting During Early pPregnancy
Nausea and Vomiting in Adults
Nausea and Vomiting in Infants and Children
Neck and Back Pain
Neck Mass
Nipple Discharge
Orthostatic Hypotension
Pain
Pain, Chronic
Palpitations
Pelvic Pain
Pelvic Pain During Early Pregnancy
Polyuria
Priapism
Red Eye
Scrotal Pain
Sore Throat
Stomatitis
Stridor
Syncope
Tearing
Tinnitus
Toothache
Tremor
Urinary Frequency
Urinary Incontinence in Adults
Urinary Incontinence in Children
Urinary Retention
Urticaria
Vaginal Bleeding
Vaginal Bleeding During Early Pregnancy
Vaginal Bleeding During Late Pregnancy
Vaginal Itching and Discharge
Vision, Blurred
Vision Loss, Acute
Weakness, Generalized
Wheezing
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Trade Names of Some Commonly Used Drugs
Normal Laboratory Values
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Health Care Professionals
Cardiovascular Disorders
Clinical Pharmacology
Critical Care Medicine
Dental Disorders
Dermatologic Disorders
Ear, Nose, and Throat Disorders
Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
Eye Disorders
Gastrointestinal Disorders
Genitourinary Disorders
Geriatrics
Gynecology and Obstetrics
Hematology and Oncology
Hepatic and Biliary Disorders
Immunology; Allergic Disorders
Infectious Diseases
Injuries; Poisoning
Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders
Neurologic Disorders
Nutritional Disorders
Pediatrics
Psychiatric Disorders
Pulmonary Disorders
Special Subjects
Merck Manual
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Health Care Professionals
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Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders
Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders
Approach to the Patient With Joint Disease
Evaluation of the Patient With Joint Disorders
History
Physical Examination
Elbow
Shoulder
Knee
Hip
Other
Testing
Blood tests
Imaging studies
Arthrocentesis
Synovial fluid examination
Symptoms of Joint Disorders
Monarticular Joint Pain
Pathophysiology
Etiology
Evaluation
History
Physical examination
Red flags
Interpretation of findings
Testing
Treatment
Key Points
Polyarticular Joint Pain
Pathophysiology
Etiology
Evaluation
History
Physical examination
Red flags
Interpretation of findings
Testing
Treatment
Geriatrics Essentials
Key Points
Autoimmune Rheumatic Disorders
Introduction
Eosinophilic Fasciitis (EF)
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Prognosis
Treatment
Mixed Connective Tissue Disease (MCTD)
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Prognosis
Treatment
Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis
Etiology
Pathophysiology
Classification
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Prognosis
Treatment
Relapsing Polychondritis
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Prognosis
Treatment
Sjögren's Syndrome (SS)
Pathophysiology
Symptoms and Signs
Glandular manifestations
Extraglandular manifestations
Diagnosis
Prognosis
Treatment
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
Symptoms and Signs
Joint manifestations
Skin and mucous membrane manifestations ()
Cardiopulmonary manifestations
Adenopathy and splenic manifestations
Neurologic manifestations
Renal manifestations
Obstetric manifestations
Hematologic manifestations
GI manifestations
Diagnosis
Fluorescent ANA
Other ANA and anticytoplasmic antibodies
Other blood tests
Renal involvement
Prognosis
Treatment
Mild or remittent disease
Severe disease
Suppressive therapy
Focal complications and coexisting medical conditions
Variant Forms of Lupus
Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE)
Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (SCLE)
Systemic Sclerosis
Etiology
Pathophysiology
Symptoms and Signs
Skin and nail manifestations
Joint manifestations
GI manifestations
Cardiopulmonary manifestations
Renal manifestations
Diagnosis
Prognosis
Treatment
Vasculitis
Overview of Vasculitis
Etiology
Pathophysiology
Classification
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Induction of remission
Remission maintenance
Behçet's Syndrome
Symptoms and Signs
Mucocutaneous
Ocular
Musculoskeletal
Vascular
Neurologic and psychiatric
GI
Diagnosis
Prognosis
Treatment
Churg-Strauss Syndrome
Etiology
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Cutaneous Vasculitis
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Giant Cell Arteritis
Pathophysiology
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (HSP)
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Microscopic Polyangiitis
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN)
Etiology
Pathophysiology
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Prognosis
Treatment
Hepatitis B–related PAN
Polymyalgia Rheumatica
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Takayasu's Arteritis
Etiology
Pathophysiology
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Prognosis
Treatment
Drugs
Procedures
Wegener's Granulomatosis
Pathophysiology
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Prognosis
Treatment
Joint Disorders
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
Etiology
Pathophysiology
Symptoms and Signs
Extra-articular manifestations
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Prognosis
Treatment
Rest and nutrition
Physical measures
Surgery
Drugs for RA
NSAIDs
Traditional DMARDs
Corticosteroids
Immunomodulatory, cytotoxic, and immunosuppressive drugs
Biologic agents
Other agents
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA)
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Prognosis
Treatment
Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies
Ankylosing Spondylitis
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Prognosis
Treatment
Reactive Arthritis
Etiology
Epidemiology
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Prognosis
Treatment
Psoriatic Arthritis
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Other Spondyloarthropathies
Osteoarthritis (OA)
Classification
Pathophysiology
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Physical measures
Drugs
Other adjunctive and experimental therapies
Neurogenic Arthropathy
Pathophysiology
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Crystal-Induced Arthritides
Overview of Crystal-Induced Arthritides
Gout
Pathophysiology
Symptoms and Signs
Course
Tophi
Chronic gout
Diagnosis
Synovial fluid analysis
Serum urate level
X-rays
Diagnosis of chronic gouty arthritis
Prognosis
Treatment
Treatment of acute attacks
Prevention of recurrent attacks
Lowering the serum urate level
Other treatments
Asymptomatic Hyperuricemia
Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Crystal Deposition Disease
Etiology
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Prognosis
Treatment
Basic Ca Phosphate and Calcium Oxalate Crystal Deposition Diseases
Basic Ca phosphate crystal deposition disease
Ca oxalate crystal deposition disease
Osteoporosis
Osteoporosis
Pathophysiology
Classification
Primary osteoporosis
Secondary osteoporosis
Risk Factors
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Plain x‑rays
Bone density measurement
Other testing
Screening
Treatment
Preserving bone mass
Preventing fractures
Treating pain and maintaining function
Prevention
Paget's Disease of Bone
Paget's Disease of Bone
Etiology
Pathophysiology
Complications
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Drug therapy
Osteonecrosis
Osteonecrosis
Etiology
Traumatic ON
Nontraumatic ON
Pathophysiology
Symptoms and Signs
General symptoms
Joint-specific symptoms
Diagnosis
Treatment
Nonsurgical treatments
Surgical treatments
Prevention
Infections of Joints and Bones
Acute Infectious Arthritis
Etiology
Pathophysiology
Symptoms and Signs
Gonococcal arthritis
Nongonococcal bacterial arthritis
Infectious arthritis secondary to bite wounds
Viral infectious arthritis
Borrelia burgdorferi
arthritis
Diagnosis
General arthritis
Gonococcal arthritis
Prognosis
Treatment
Antibiotic therapy
Other therapies
Viral arthritis and arthritis secondary to bite wounds
Chronic Infectious Arthritis
Prosthetic Joint Infectious Arthritis
Etiology
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prevention
Osteomyelitis
Etiology
Pathophysiology
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Bursa, Muscle, and Tendon Disorders
Bursitis
Etiology
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Tendinitis and Tenosynovitis
Etiology
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Fibromyalgia
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Prognosis
Treatment
Muscle Cramps
Treatment
Prevention
Neck and Back Pain
Evaluation of Neck and Back Pain
Pathophysiology
Etiology
Common causes
Serious uncommon causes
Other uncommon causes
Evaluation
General
History
Physical examination
Red flags
Interpretation of findings
Testing
Treatment
Geriatrics Essentials
Key Points
Spasmodic Torticollis
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Sciatica
Etiology
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Lumbar Spinal Stenosis
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Nontraumatic Spinal Subluxation
Atlantoaxial Subluxation
Diagnosis
Treatment
Spondylolisthesis
Hand Disorders
Evaluation of Hand Disorders
Evaluation
History
Physical examination
Laboratory testing
Deformities
Mallet Finger
Swan-Neck Deformity
Boutonnière Deformity
Dupuytren's Contracture
Symptoms and Signs
Treatment
Ganglia
Etiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Infections
Treatment
Infected Bite Wounds
Diagnosis
Treatment
Felon
Palm Abscess
Infectious Flexor Tenosynovitis
Diagnosis
Treatment
Herpetic Whitlow
Kienböck's Disease
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Nerve Compression Syndromes
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Cubital Tunnel Syndrome
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Radial Tunnel Syndrome
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Noninfectious Tenosynovitis
Digital Flexor Tendinitis and Tenosynovitis
Treatment
De Quervain's Syndrome
Treatment
Osteoarthritis of the Hand
Treatment
Foot and Ankle Disorders
Overview of Foot and Ankle Disorders
Tibialis Posterior Tendinosis
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Metatarsalgia
Freiberg's Disease
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Interdigital Nerve Pain
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Metatarsophalangeal Joint Pain
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Sesamoiditis
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Plantar Fasciosis
Etiology
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Inferior Calcaneal Bursitis
Achilles Tendon Enthesopathy
Treatment
Anterior Achilles Tendon Bursitis
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Posterior Achilles Tendon Bursitis
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Epiphysitis of the Calcaneus
Treatment
Medial Plantar Nerve Entrapment
Diagnosis
Treatment
Plantar Fibromatosis
Hammer Toe Deformity
Treatment
Bunion
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Tumors of Bones and Joints
Overview of Bone and Joint Tumors
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Characteristic findings
Other testing
Benign Bone Tumors
Osteochondroma
Enchondroma
Chondroblastoma
Chondromyxofibroma
Osteoid osteoma
Benign giant cell tumor
Primary Malignant Bone Tumors
Multiple myeloma
Osteosarcoma
Fibrosarcoma
Malignant fibrous histiocytoma
Chondrosarcoma
Ewing's sarcoma of bone
Lymphoma of bone
Malignant giant cell tumor
Chordoma
Metastatic Bone Tumors
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Other Bone Lesions
Unicameral bone cyst
Fibrous dysplasia
Aneurysmal bone cyst
Joint Tumors
Synovial chondromatosis
Pigmented villonodular synovitis
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