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Pronunciation
(eye oh doe KWIN ole)
Generic Available (U.S.)
No
Index Terms
Brand Names: U.S.
Brand Names: Canada
Pharmacologic Category
Use: Labeled Indications
Treatment of acute and chronic intestinal amebiasis; asymptomatic cyst passers; Blastocystis hominis infections; ineffective for amebic hepatitis or hepatic abscess
Pregnancy Considerations
There is very limited data on the use of iodoquinol during pregnancy and safety has not been established. Adverse effects have occurred in children exposed to topical iodoquinol.
Lactation
Excretion in breast milk unknown
Breast-Feeding Considerations
It is unknown if iodoquinol is excreted in human milk and safety during lactation has not been established.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to iodine or iodoquinol or any component of the formulation; hepatic damage; pre-existing optic neuropathy
Warnings/Precautions
Concerns related to adverse effects:
• Hypersensitivity reactions: May occur.
• Optic atrophy/neuritis: Following prolonged use, optic neuritis and optic atrophy have occurred; avoid long-term therapy.
Disease-related concerns:
• Thyroid disease: Use with caution in patients with thyroid abnormalities.
Adverse Reactions
Frequency not defined.
Central nervous system: Fever, chills, agitation, retrograde amnesia, headache
Dermatologic: Rash, urticaria, pruritus
Endocrine & metabolic: Thyroid gland enlargement
Gastrointestinal: Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, abdominal cramps
Neuromuscular & skeletal: Peripheral neuropathy, weakness
Ocular: Optic neuritis, optic atrophy, visual impairment
Miscellaneous: Itching of rectal area
Metabolism/Transport Effects
None known.
Drug Interactions
There are no known significant interactions.
Mechanism of Action
Contact amebicide that works in the lumen of the intestine by an unknown mechanism
Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics
Absorption: Poor and erratic
Metabolism: Hepatic
Excretion: Feces (high percentage)
Dosage
Oral:
Children: 30-40 mg/kg/day (maximum: 650 mg/dose) in 3 divided doses for 20 days; not to exceed 1.95 g/day
Adults: 650 mg 3 times/day after meals for 20 days; not to exceed 1.95 g/day
Administration: Oral
Tablets may be crushed and mixed with applesauce or chocolate syrup. May take with food or milk to reduce stomach upset. Complete full course of therapy.
Monitoring Parameters
Ophthalmologic exam
Test Interactions
May increase protein-bound serum iodine concentrations reflecting a decrease in 131I uptake; false-positive ferric chloride test for phenylketonuria
Dietary Considerations
Should be taken after meals.
Patient Education
Maintain adequate hydration, unless instructed to restrict fluid intake, and nutrition. You may experience GI upset. Report unresolved or severe nausea or vomiting, skin rash, fever, or fatigue.
Geriatric Considerations
This agent is no longer a drug of choice; use only if other therapy is contraindicated or has failed. Due to optic nerve damage, use cautiously in the elderly.
Dental Health: Effects on Dental Treatment
No significant effects or complications reported
Dental Health: Vasoconstrictor/Local Anesthetic Precautions
No information available to require special precautions
Mental Health: Effects on Mental Status
May cause agitation or amnesia
Mental Health: Effects on Psychiatric Treatment
None reported
Nursing: Physical Assessment/Monitoring
Check allergy history (iodine) prior to beginning therapy. Perform ophthalmological exams with long-term therapy.
Dosage Forms
Excipient information presented when available (limited, particularly for generics); consult specific product labeling.
Tablet, oral:
Yodoxin®: 210 mg, 650 mg
References
“Drugs for Parasitic Infections,” Med Lett Drugs Ther, 1993, 35(911):111-22.
International Brand Names
Lexi-Comp.com
Last full review/revision October 2011
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