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Management and Nutrition
Nutrition: Cattle
Feed Additives in Dairy Cattle
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Topics in Nutrition: Cattle
  • Nutritional Requirements of Beef Cattle
  • Feeding and Nutritional Management of Beef Cattle
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  • Nutritional Requirements of Dairy Cattle
  • Feeding and Nutritional Management of Dairy Cattle
  • Feeding Young Dairy Calves
  • Feeding Dairy Calves from Weaning Through Maturation
  • Accelerated Dairy Calf-rearing Programs
  • Feed Additives in Dairy Cattle
  • Nutrition and Disease in Dairy Cattle
 
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Feed Additives in Dairy Cattle

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Many non-nutrient feed additives are marketed and approved for use in dairy cattle (see Nutrition: Cattle: Feed Additives Included for Non-Nutrient BenefitsTables).

Table 19

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Feed Additives Included for Non-Nutrient Benefits

Additive

Effect

Feeding Rate

High Probability of Positive Economic Return in General Feeding Situations

Rumensin

Increased feed efficiency, improved energy metabolism

200–400 mg/day

Sodium bicarbonate and other buffers

Improved feed consumption, stabilization of rumen pH, increased butterfat production

0.75% of dry matter

Yeast culture

Improved feed consumption, improved fiber digestion

Variable, consult manufacturer directions

High probability of Positive Economic Return in Specific Problem Situations

Strong anion additives for prepartum diets

Improved calcium homeostasis, milk fever prevention

Variable, calculate DCADa, monitor urine pH and dry matter intake, late gestation only

Propylene glycol

Improved energy metabolism, ketosis prevention

300–500 mL/day, late gestation and early lactation only

Niacin

Improved lipid metabolism, improved rumen fermentation, increased feed efficiency and milk component concentrations

6 g/day, include protected and unprotected sources

Mycotoxin neutralizers

Many products available; effectiveness best demonstrated against aflatoxin; effectiveness against trichothecene toxins including DONb or vomitoxin needs further evaluation.

Variable, refer to manufacturer instructions

Protected choline

Improves lipid metabolism, fatty liver and ketosis prevention

15 g/day, late gestation and early lactation only

a DCAD, dietary cation-anion difference

b DON, deoxynivalenol

Feed Additives Included for Non-Nutrient Benefits

Additive

Effect

Feeding Rate

High Probability of Positive Economic Return in General Feeding Situations

Rumensin

Increased feed efficiency, improved energy metabolism

200–400 mg/day

Sodium bicarbonate and other buffers

Improved feed consumption, stabilization of rumen pH, increased butterfat production

0.75% of dry matter

Yeast culture

Improved feed consumption, improved fiber digestion

Variable, consult manufacturer directions

High probability of Positive Economic Return in Specific Problem Situations

Strong anion additives for prepartum diets

Improved calcium homeostasis, milk fever prevention

Variable, calculate DCADa, monitor urine pH and dry matter intake, late gestation only

Propylene glycol

Improved energy metabolism, ketosis prevention

300–500 mL/day, late gestation and early lactation only

Niacin

Improved lipid metabolism, improved rumen fermentation, increased feed efficiency and milk component concentrations

6 g/day, include protected and unprotected sources

Mycotoxin neutralizers

Many products available; effectiveness best demonstrated against aflatoxin; effectiveness against trichothecene toxins including DONb or vomitoxin needs further evaluation.

Variable, refer to manufacturer instructions

Protected choline

Improves lipid metabolism, fatty liver and ketosis prevention

15 g/day, late gestation and early lactation only

a DCAD, dietary cation-anion difference

b DON, deoxynivalenol

Last full review/revision July 2011 by Thomas H. Herdt, DVM, MS, DACVN, DACVIM; Tilden Wayne Perry, BEd, BS, MS, PhD

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