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  2. Kidney and Urinary Tract Disorders/
  3. Diagnosis of Kidney and Urinary Tract Disorders/
    Diagnosis of Kidney and Urinary Tract Disorders
    • Evaluation of Kidney and Urinary Tract Disorders
      • History
      • Physical Examination
      • Testing
    • Urinalysis and Urine Culture
    • Kidney Function Tests
    • Imaging Tests of the Urinary Tract
      • Plain x-rays
      • Ultrasonography
      • Computed tomography
      • Magnetic resonance imaging
      • Intravenous urography
      • Retrograde urography
      • Percutaneous antegrade urography
      • Cystography and cystourethrography
      • Retrograde urethrography
      • Positron emission tomography
      • Radionuclide scanning
      • Angiography
    • Cystoscopy
    • Tissue and Cell Sampling
      • Kidney biopsy
      • Bladder biopsy
      • Prostate biopsy
      • Urine cytology
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