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Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
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Underdevelopment of the left ventricle, leading to inability to pump blood to the body
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Separate operations to rebuild the left ventricle or a heart transplant
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A hole in, or weakening of, abdominal muscles, allowing internal abdominal organs to spill out (protrude) through the defect
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Surgery to close the defect
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The foot and ankle are twisted out of shape or position
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Immobilization with a cast and physical therapy to stretch the foot and ankle
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Brain tissue missing and replaced with fluid-filled sacs
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Ventricular shunt may decrease pressure
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Severe porencephaly with little remaining brain tissue
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A testis (testicle) remains in the abdomen or groin instead of descending into the scrotum before birth
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About half will descend into the scrotum without treatment by 4 to 6 months
Surgery to move the testis into place
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