Antacids

These drugs are used mainly to relieve symptoms, not as a cure.

Histamine-2 (H2) blockers

Rash, fever, diarrhea, muscle pains, and confusion

Cimetidine: May cause breast enlargement and erectile dysfunction in men and may interfere with elimination of certain medications

The once-daily dose is taken in the evening or at bedtime. Doses taken in the morning are less effective.

Proton pump inhibitors

Diarrhea, constipation, and headache

These medications are usually well tolerated and are most effective means of reducing stomach acid.

Other medications for stomach acid

Misoprostol: Abdominal cramping, spontaneous abortion, diarrhea

Sucralfate: May reduce absorption of other medications, constipation

Misoprostol is rarely used for treatment of stomach disorders due to the side effects.

Sucralfate does not affect acid production but coats stomach ulcers to protect them from acid.