Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)
(Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy; Acute Idiopathic Polyneuritis)
What is GBS?
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is muscle weakness that happens over a few days or a few weeks.
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GBS is probably caused by an autoimmune reaction (when your body's immune system attacks parts of your own body)
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It's often triggered by a minor infection
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Usually, weakness and abnormal sensations begin in both legs and move up your body
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A few people get so weak they have trouble breathing
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Doctors put you in the hospital and give you medicine to slow down your immune system
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It usually gets better on its own in a few months, but some people are weak for a long time
What causes GBS?
Most people get GBS several days to a few weeks after having:
Doctors think that you get GBS when your immune system attacks your nerves so they can’t send messages normally. GBS mainly attacks nerves that control muscle movement and sensation. Rarely, it attacks nerves that control your blood pressure and your heart and other organs.
What are the symptoms of GBS?
How can doctors tell if I have GBS?
Doctors do tests to diagnose GBS, such as:
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Electromyography (a muscle test that uses small needles to record the electrical activity of your muscles)
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Spinal tap (doctors use a long needle to get spinal fluid from your lower back)
How do doctors treat GBS?
Doctors will care for you in the hospital because you may develop life-threatening breathing problems very quickly. Treatment should start as soon as possible. It may include:
If your breathing gets weak, doctors may:
It may take a long time to recover from GBS. Most people recover within a year, but some people take longer and never completely gain back their muscle strength.
Drugs Mentioned In This Article
| Generic Name | Select Brand Names |
|---|---|
Immune globulin |
Gammagard S/D |
