Spitting up is when the formula or breast milk your baby has just swallowed comes back up and flows out of the baby's mouth or nose. The flow is usually gentle, not forceful like throwing up. Spitting up is normal for babies. Almost all babies spit up and almost always stop by 12 months Spitting up happens because babies can't sit up after eating, and because the valve that keeps the food in the stomach is weak Spitting up that causes pain to your baby, doesn't go away, or keeps your baby from eating or gaining weight is called acid reflux ( gastroesophageal reflux )—your baby may need medicine to treat it Go to a doctor right away if your baby’s spit up is green or bloody or makes your baby cough or choke. How can I prevent spitting up? To keep babies from spitting up: Feed babies before they get really hungry Burp them every 4 to 5 minutes while feeding Hold them upright during and after feeding Make sure the bottle nipple only lets out a few drops with pressure or when it’s upside down

Throwing up is food in the stomach being forced back up your baby’s or child’s throat. Most throwing up in babies and children is caused by a stomach virus. Throwing up is a sign of sickness or a problem—babies between 2 weeks and 4 months rarely throw up for no reason Most throwing up goes away on its own without treatment If your child is throwing up, give small amounts of fluids often Throwing up too much can cause dehydration , which is not having enough water in your body. Go to a doctor right away if your child is throwing up and has any of these warning signs: Severe belly pain Can’t keep fluids down High fever Feels weak and tired all over their body Throws up for more than 12 hours Has green or bloody throw up Doesn’t urinate for 8 hours

Overfeeding a child is giving more food than the child needs to be healthy and grow. This can cause children to spit up, have diarrhea, or become overweight or obese. To prevent overfeeding: Don't automatically feed your baby just because your baby is crying—see if there's another reason for the crying Don't give your baby a bottle as an activity or let the baby have a bottle all the time Don't reward good behavior with food Don't make your child finish food when not hungry

Brought to you by

What are feeding problems?

What is spitting up?

How can I prevent spitting up?

What is throwing up?

What is overfeeding?

What is underfeeding?

Miscellaneous Disorders in Infants and Young Children

Dehydration in Children

Failure to Thrive

Feeding Problems

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)

Teething

ADDITIONAL CONTENT

Polyglandular deficiency syndromes are hereditary disorders in which several endocrine glands (ie, glands that secrete hormones) malfunction together. Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment for these types of disorders?

Antifungal therapy
Changes in diet and exercise
Hormone replacement therapy
Umbilical cord transplantation

Feeding Problems

By

The Manual's Editorial Staff

Last full review/revision Dec 2019| Content last modified Dec 2019

Click here for the Professional Version

Get the full details

Feeding problems in babies and young children include problems taking in food or keeping it down or getting the wrong amount of food (either too little or too much).

Common feeding problems include:

Spitting up
Throwing up
Overfeeding
Underfeeding

Feeding problems are common and usually minor, but sometimes your baby or young child may need to be seen by a doctor or treated in a hospital.

Spitting up is when the formula or breast milk your baby has just swallowed comes back up and flows out of the baby's mouth or nose. The flow is usually gentle, not forceful like throwing up.

Spitting up is normal for babies.

Almost all babies spit up and almost always stop by 12 months
Spitting up happens because babies can't sit up after eating, and because the valve that keeps the food in the stomach is weak
Spitting up that causes pain to your baby, doesn't go away, or keeps your baby from eating or gaining weight is called acid reflux (gastroesophageal reflux)—your baby may need medicine to treat it

Go to a doctor right away if your baby’s spit up is green or bloody or makes your baby cough or choke.

To keep babies from spitting up:

Feed babies before they get really hungry
Burp them every 4 to 5 minutes while feeding
Hold them upright during and after feeding
Make sure the bottle nipple only lets out a few drops with pressure or when it’s upside down

Throwing up is food in the stomach being forced back up your baby’s or child’s throat. Most throwing up in babies and children is caused by a stomach virus.

Throwing up is a sign of sickness or a problem—babies between 2 weeks and 4 months rarely throw up for no reason
Most throwing up goes away on its own without treatment
If your child is throwing up, give small amounts of fluids often

Throwing up too much can cause dehydration, which is not having enough water in your body.

Go to a doctor right away if your child is throwing up and has any of these warning signs:

Severe belly pain
Can’t keep fluids down
High fever
Feels weak and tired all over their body
Throws up for more than 12 hours
Has green or bloody throw up
Doesn’t urinate for 8 hours

Overfeeding a child is giving more food than the child needs to be healthy and grow. This can cause children to spit up, have diarrhea, or become overweight or obese.

To prevent overfeeding:

Don't automatically feed your baby just because your baby is crying—see if there's another reason for the crying
Don't give your baby a bottle as an activity or let the baby have a bottle all the time
Don't reward good behavior with food
Don't make your child finish food when not hungry

Underfeeding is not giving your child enough food to be healthy and grow. It usually happens if a baby is too fussy to feed or has trouble sucking or swallowing.

A child who is underfed may have failure to thrive.

To make sure your baby gets the right amount of nutrition, always mix formula according to the instructions
Community social agencies, such as the Women, Infant, and Children (WIC) program, can help you pay for food and formula and learn the best ways to mix formula and feed your baby
If your baby is very underweight, doctors may care for your baby in the hospital to make sure your baby gains weight

NOTE: This is the Consumer Version. DOCTORS: Click here for the Professional Version

Click here for the Professional Version

Failure to Thrive

Was This Page Helpful?

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)

Feeding Problems

Intravenous Feeding

Tube Feeding

Merck and the Merck Manuals

Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA is a global healthcare leader working to help the world be well. From developing new therapies that treat and prevent disease to helping people in need, we are committed to improving health and well-being around the world. The Merck Manual was first published in 1899 as a service to the community. The legacy of this great resource continues as the Merck Manual in the US and Canada and the MSD Manual in the remainder of the world. Learn more about our commitment to Global Medical Knowledge.

This site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information:
verify here.

TOP