Reference values vary based on several factors, including the specific laboratory that supplies them. A patient's urine test values should be interpreted based on the reference value of the laboratory in which the test was done; the laboratory typically provides these values with the test result. Representative values are listed in alphabetical order in the following table.
Representative Laboratory Reference Values: Urine
Test | Specimen | Conventional Units | SI Units |
|---|---|---|---|
Aldosterone | Urine, 24 hours | 5–19 mcg/24 hours | 13.9–52.6 nmol/24 hour |
Amino acids, total | Urine, 24 hours | 200–400 mg/24 hours | 14–29 nmol/24 hours |
Amylase | Urine, timed | 6.5–48.1 U/hour | — |
Calcium (unrestricted diet) | Urine, timed | 100–300 mg/day | 2.5–7.5 mmol/day |
Catecholamines, total | Urine, 24 hours | < 100 mcg/m2/24 hours | < 591 nmol/m2/24 hours |
Chloride | Urine, timed | 80–250 mEq/day | 80–250 mmol/day |
Urine, 24 hours | 0–100 mcg/24 ours | 0–1.6 mcmol/24 hours | |
Coproporphyrin | Urine, 24 hours | 50–250 mcg/24 hours | 76–382 nmol/24 hours |
Cortisol, free | Urine, 24 hours | < 90 mcg/24 hours | < 248 nmol/24 hours |
Creatine: | |||
| Urine, 24 hours | 0–100 mg/24 hours | 0–763 mmol/24 hours |
| Urine, 24 hours | 4–40 mg/24 hours | 30–305 mmol/24 hours |
Creatinine, weight-based | Urine, 24 hours | 15–25 mg/kg/24 hours | 133–221 mmol/kg/ 24 hours |
D-xylose excretion 5 hours after ingestion of 25 g of D-xylose | Urine, 5 hour collection | 5–8 g | 33–53 mmol |
Estriol, females | Urine, 24 hours | > 12 mg/24 hours | > 42 mcmol/24 hours |
17-Hydroxycorticosteroids, fractionated, adults ≥ 18 years: | |||
| Urine, 24 hours | 3.5–4.5 mcg/24 hours | 9.7–12.4 nmol/24 hours |
Urine, 24 hours | 17–129 mcg/24 hours | 47–359 nmol/24 hours | |
5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) | Urine, 24 hours | 2–9 mg/24 hours | 10.4–46.8 mcmol/24 hours |
17-Ketosteroid, fractionated, females > 12 years: | |||
| Urine, 24 hours | 55–1589 mcg/24 hours | — |
| Urine, 24 hours | 59–1391 mcg/24 hours | — |
17-Ketosteroid, fractionated, males > 12 years: | |||
| Urine, 24 hours | 234–2703 mcg/24 hours | — |
| Urine, 24 hours | 151–3198 mcg/24 hours | — |
| Urine, 24 hours | 66–1032 mcg/24 hours | — |
| Urine, 24 hours | 17–1006 mcg/24 hours | — |
| Urine, 24 hours | 4–55 mcg/24 hours | — |
| Urine, 24 hours | 51–1016 mcg/24 hours | — |
| Urine, 24 hours | 245–1701 mcg/24 hours | — |
Metanephrines, fractionated, normotensive patients ≥ 18 years: | |||
| Urine, 24 hours | 30–180 mcg/24 hours | — |
| Urine, 24 hours | 142–510 mcg/24 hours | — |
| Urine, 24 hours | 44–261 mcg/24 hours | — |
| Urine, 24 hours | 190–583 mcg/24 hours | — |
Metanephrines, fractionated, normotensive males and females aged 18–29 years: | |||
| Urine, 24 hours | 103–390 mcg/24 hours | — |
Metanephrines, fractionated, hypertensive males and females: | |||
| Urine, 24 hours | < 400 mcg/24 hours | — |
| Urine, 24 hours | < 900 mcg/24 hours | — |
| Urine, 24 hours | < 1300 mcg/24 hours | — |
Microalbumin | Urine, 24 hours | < 30 mg/24 hours | — |
Urine, random | < 20 mcg/mg | < 20 mg/g | |
Osmolality | Urine, random | 38–1400 mOsm/kg H2O | — |
Oxalate | Urine, 24 hours | 0.11–0.46 mmol/ specimen* | — |
Phosphate, tubular reabsorption | Urine, random | 79–94% of filtered load | — |
Porphobilinogens | Urine, random | 0–0.5 mg/g creatinine | — |
Potassium | Urine, 24 hours | 25–100 mEq/24 hours | 25–100 mmol/24 hours |
Protein, total | Urine, 24 hours | < 100 mg/24 hours | — |
Sodium | Urine, 24 hours | 100–260 mEq/24 hours | 100–260 mmol/24 hours |
Uric acid | Urine, 24 hours | 250–750 mg/24 hours | 1.48–4.43 mmol/24 hours |
Urinalysis, routine† | |||
| Urine, random | 5–7 | — |
Urinalysis, routine, dipstick testing†: | |||
| Urine, random | Negative | — |
| Urine, random | Negative | — |
| Urine, random | Negative | — |
| Urine, random | Negative | — |
| Urine, random | Negative | — |
| Urine, random | Negative | — |
| Urine, random | Negative | — |
| Urine, random | 1.002–1.030 | — |
| Urine, random | 0.2–1.0 EU | — |
Urobilinogen | Urine, 24 hours | 0.05–2.5 mg/24 hours | 0.08–4.22 mcmol/24 hours |
Vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) | Urine, 24 hours | > 14 years old: < 8 mg/24 hours | < 40.4 mol/24 hours |
*Value is based on 24-hour collection. †Normal findings detected by microscopic examination can include a few red blood cells (especially in menstruating women), white blood cells, epithelial cells, bacteria, yeast cells, crystals (eg, calcium oxalate, triple phosphate, amorphous phosphates and urates), sperm, and unidentifiable materials. Large amounts of these substances or the presence of certain other materials may be abnormal. | |||
EU = Ehrlich units. | |||
