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Possible elevations in liver enzymes in patients with hepatitis B or C virus
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Entry (fusion) inhibitors
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Painful rash at the injection site and allergic (hypersensitivity) reactions (including rash, fever, chills, nausea, and low blood pressure), numbness and tingling in the hands and feet (peripheral neuropathy), insomnia, and loss of appetite
Increased risk of pneumonia
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Maraviroc (a CCR-5 inhibitor)
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Inadequate blood flow (ischemia) to the heart or heart attacks
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Post-attachment inhibitors
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Diarrhea, tiredness, and dizziness
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Allergic (hypersensitivity) reactions including rash (which is occasionally severe or life threatening), headache, insomnia, and muscle aches
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Possible increased risk of fetal neural tube defects if used during early pregnancy
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Allergic (hypersensitivity) reactions including rash (which is occasionally severe or life threatening) and muscle aches
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Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
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Rash (occasionally severe or life threatening) and liver dysfunction
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Fatigue, headache, dizziness, and rarely insomnia
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Dizziness, sleepiness, nightmares, confusion, agitation, forgetfulness, and intense feelings of well-being (euphoria)
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Severe or life-threatening rashes
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Severe or life-threatening liver dysfunction and rashes, especially during the first 18 weeks of treatment
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Depression, headache, and insomnia, but fewer side effects involving brain function than efavirenz
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Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
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Lactic acidosis (buildup of lactic acid, a waste product of metabolism), which can be life threatening, and liver damage
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A severe, sometimes fatal allergic reaction with fever, rash, nausea, vomiting, difficulty breathing, a sore throat, and/or cough
Loss of appetite, nausea, and vomiting
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Headache, nausea, diarrhea, and darkening of the skin (hyperpigmentation), especially on the palms and soles
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Headache, fatigue, and peripheral nerve damage
Rarely, pancreas inflammation (pancreatitis)
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Anemia, susceptibility to infection (resulting from bone marrow damage), liver damage, weakness, and muscle aches
Rarely, pancreas inflammation
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Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors
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Tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (TAF)
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Fewer side effects involving the kidneys and bone density than tenofovir disoproxil fumarate
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Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)
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Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and headache
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Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal discomfort, increased levels of blood sugar and cholesterol (common), increased abdominal fat, liver dysfunction, and a bleeding tendency (particularly in people with hemophilia)
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Rash and yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes (jaundice)
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Headache, diarrhea, severe rash, fever, and allergic reactions
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Mouth tingling and altered taste
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Possibly life-threatening liver inflammation and bleeding within the brain
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