State the current date and place and their name.
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Orientation to time, place, and person
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Spell "world" or another 5-letter word forward, then backward.
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Repeat a short list of objects.
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Attention and recording of information to memory (registration)
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Recall the short list of objects after about 2 to 5 minutes.
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Short-term recall (called working memory)
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Describe an event that happened in the last day or two.
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Describe events from the distant past.
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Remote (long-term) memory
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Ask people to do one of the following:
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Interpret a proverb (such as “a rolling stone gathers no moss”).
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Explain a particular analogy (such as “why the brain is like a computer”).
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Identify the category for 3 or 4 objects, such as fruit for apples, oranges, and bananas.
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Describe their thoughts about the illness and its severity.
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Name the last five presidents and the state capital.
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Tell how they feel on this day and how they usually feel.
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Follow a simple command that involves three different body parts and requires distinguishing right from left (such as “put your right thumb in your left ear and stick out your tongue”).
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Name simple objects and body parts, and read, write, and repeat certain phrases.
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Copy simple and complex structures (for example, using building blocks), and draw a clock, cube, or house.
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Ability to understand spatial relationships
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Brush the teeth, or take a match out of a box and strike it.
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Do simple arithmetic, such as asking them to subtract 7 from 100 and continue to subtract 7 from the answer obtained—93 minus 7 equals 86 minus 7 equals 79 and so on—or asking them how many nickels are in $1.35.
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Ability to calculate numbers
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Ask what they would do in a hypothetical situation requiring good judgment, such as “What would you do if you found a stamped, addressed letter on the sidewalk?”
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