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Characteristics of the Cancer
Treatment Strategy
Method of Treatment
Cancer, confined to prostate in men expected to live many years
Curative treatment (to remove all traces of the cancer)
Surgery or radiation therapy
Small, slow-growing cancer, confined to prostate in men with shorter life expectancy
Active surveillance (to monitor and watch for symptoms or changes in the cancer, treating only when it becomes necessary)
No treatment
Large or fast-growing cancer, confined to prostate
Curative treatment
Cancer spread to areas outside the prostate, but not to distant areas
Radiation therapy
Widespread cancer
Palliative treatment (aimed at slowing progression and relieving symptoms and that may prolong life but will not cure the cancer)
Hormonal or chemotherapy
Cancer that stops responding to hormonal therapy (castrate-resistant prostate cancer)
Palliative treatment
Chemotherapy, newer hormonal therapies, sipuleucel-T, PARPi (poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase inhibitor) or radium-233