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MSDMerck ManualProfessional Version
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  2. Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders/
  3. Fluid Metabolism/
    Fluid Metabolism
    • Water and Sodium Balance
      • Osmotic forces
      • Water intake and excretion
    • Overview of Disorders of Fluid Volume
      • Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis
      • Other natriuretic factors
      • Sodium depletion and excess
    • Volume Depletion
      • Symptoms and Signs
      • Diagnosis
      • Treatment
        • Treatment references
    • Volume Overload
      • Symptoms and Signs
      • Diagnosis
      • Treatment
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