Common Causes of Polyuria

vasopressin-sensitive polyuria

Decreased synthesis of vasopressin

Primary argininevasopressin deficiency, hereditary (usually autosomal dominant)

Acquired (secondary) argininevasopressin deficiency (causes outlined in text)

Wolfram syndrome (primary argininevasopressin deficiency, diabetes mellitus, optic nerve atrophy, nerve deafness, and atonia of bladder and ureters (autosomal recessive)

Decreased release of vasopressin

Primary polydipsia

Vasopressin-resistant polyuria

Renal resistance to vasopressin

Congenital arginine vasopressin resistance (usually X-linked recessive trait)

Acquired argininevasopressin resistance: Chronic kidney disease, systemic or metabolic disease (eg, myeloma, amyloidosis, hypercalcemic or hypokalemic nephropathy, sickle cell disease), certain medications (eg, lithium, demeclocycline)), certain medications (eg, lithium, demeclocycline)

Osmotic diuresis

Hyperglycemia (in diabetes mellitus)

Poorly resorbed solutes (mannitol, sorbitol, urea)