Merck Manual
Please confirm that you are a health care professional
Yes
No
honeypot link
skip to main content
Merck
Manual
Professional Version
The trusted provider of medical information since 1899
VIEW CONSUMER VERSION
A
A
A
ENGLISH
ESPAÑOL (SPANISH)
Other Languages
VIEW CONSUMER VERSION
Search
Search
A-Z
A
A
A
HOME
MEDICAL TOPICS
Common Health Topics
Cardiovascular Disorders
Clinical Pharmacology
Critical Care Medicine
Dental Disorders
Dermatologic Disorders
Ear, Nose, and Throat Disorders
Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
Eye Disorders
Gastrointestinal Disorders
Genitourinary Disorders
Geriatrics
Gynecology and Obstetrics
Hematology and Oncology
Hepatic and Biliary Disorders
Immunology; Allergic Disorders
Infectious Diseases
Injuries; Poisoning
Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders
Neurologic Disorders
Nutritional Disorders
Pediatrics
Psychiatric Disorders
Pulmonary Disorders
Special Subjects
Resources
Videos
Figures
Images
Quizzes
Symptoms
View All Resources
RESOURCES
3D Models
Abbreviations
Audio
Case Studies
Clinical Calculators
Conversion Tables
Figures
Images
Lab Values
Podcasts
Quizzes
Symptoms
Tables
Videos
DRUG INFO
Drugs by Name, Generic and Brand
Drug Interactions
Pill Identifier
Commonly Searched Drugs
NEWS
Burden of Disease Attributed to PFAS Exposure High in the U.S.
Dermatologist Visits Shorter for Asian Psoriasis Patients
Differences in Early Growth Small for ART-Conceived Infants
Long-Term Loneliness Tied to Risk for Memory Decline
View All News >
PROCEDURES
View All Procedures >
QUIZZES & CASES
Quizzes
More Quizzes
Cases
More Case Studies
ABOUT US
Overview
History
Global Medical Knowledge
The Manuals Staff
Editorial Board and Reviewers
Contributors
Content Providers
Print Editions
Mobile Apps
Permissions
Licensing
Social Media
FAQ
Contact Us
Courtesy of
Disclaimer
Privacy
Terms of use
Contact Us
Veterinary Manual
Medical Topics & Chapters
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
Professional
/
Ear, Nose, and Throat Disorders
/
...
/
Approach to the Patient With Ear Problems
/
Approach to the Patient With Ear Problems
Expand all
Collapse all
Evaluation of Ear Disorders
Testing
Earache
Pathophysiology
Etiology
Evaluation
History
Physical examination
Red flags
Interpretation of findings
Testing
Treatment
Key Points
Otorrhea
Etiology
Evaluation
History
Physical examination
Red flags
Interpretation of findings
Testing
Treatment
Key Points
Tinnitus
Characteristics
Pathophysiology
Etiology
Subjective tinnitus
Objective tinnitus
Evaluation
History
Physical examination
Red flags
Interpretation of findings
Testing
Treatment
Geriatrics Essentials
Key Points
Dizziness and Vertigo
Pathophysiology
Vestibular apparatus
Etiology
Evaluation
History
Physical examination
Red flags
Interpretation of findings
Testing
Treatment
Geriatrics Essentials
Key Points