Autoantibodies in Autoimmune Myositis
Autoantibodies | Clinical Features |
|---|---|
Antisynthetase syndrome* | |
Anti-Jo-1 | Myositis† Interstitial lung disease |
Anti-PL-7 | Interstitial lung disease† Myositis |
Anti-PL-12 | Interstitial lung disease† Myositis |
Anti-EJ | Interstitial lung disease Myositis |
Anti-OJ | Interstitial lung disease Myositis |
Anti-KS | Interstitial lung disease† Myositis |
Anti-Zo | Interstitial lung disease Myositis |
Anti-Ha | Interstitial lung disease Myositis |
Dermatomyositis | |
Anti-Mi-2 | Severe skin disease Responds well to treatment |
Anti-MDA5 | Cardiopulmonary syndrome Amyopathic dermatomyositis, palmar papules |
Anti-TIF1g | Increased cancer risk |
Anti-NXP-2 | Subcutaneous calcinosis Increased cancer risk |
Necrotizing immune-mediated myopathy | |
Anti-SRP | Severe, difficult to treat |
Anti-HMGCR | Immune-mediated statin-associated myopathy (can rarely be present without previous exposure to prescription statins) |
Inclusion body myositis | |
Cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 1A | Inclusion body myositis |
* All of these autoantibodies can be present in patients with complete or incomplete forms of antisynthetase syndrome. Antisynthetase syndrome features include fever, nonerosive arthritis, interstitial lung disease, hyperkeratosis of the radial aspect of the digits (mechanic's hands), and Raynaud syndrome. The rash of dermatomyositis may or may not be present. Patients with antisynthetase syndrome antibodies and muscle disease may have findings of dermatomyositis or polymyositis. † This feature is the more prominent one. Modified from Mammen A: Autoimmune Muscle Disease. In Handbook of Clinical Neurology, edited by SJ Pittock and A Vincent. Elsevier BV, 2016, pp. 467–484. doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-63432-0.00025-6 | |