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MSDMERCK MANUALConsumer Version
Diagnosis of Kidney and Urinary Tract Disorders
  • Evaluation of Kidney and Urinary Tract Disorders
    • History
    • Physical Examination
    • Testing
  • Urinalysis and Urine Culture
  • Kidney Function Tests
  • Imaging Tests of the Urinary Tract
    • Plain x-rays
    • Ultrasonography
    • Computed tomography
    • Magnetic resonance imaging
    • Intravenous urography
    • Retrograde urography
    • Percutaneous antegrade urography
    • Cystography and cystourethrography
    • Retrograde urethrography
    • Positron emission tomography
    • Radionuclide scanning
    • Angiography
  • Cystoscopy
  • Tissue and Cell Sampling
    • Kidney biopsy
    • Bladder biopsy
    • Prostate biopsy
    • Urine cytology
MSD
MSD

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