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MSDMerck ManualProfessional Version
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  3. Concepts in Pharmacotherapy/
    Concepts in Pharmacotherapy
    • Introduction to Concepts in Pharmacotherapy
    • Evaluating Drug Efficacy and Safety
      • Clinical Drug Trials
      • Efficacy and Effectiveness
        • Patient-centered outcomes
        • Intermediate and surrogate outcomes
        • Efficacy and effectiveness references
      • Placebos
        • Placebo effects
        • Use of placebos in clinical trials
        • Use of placebos in clinical practice
        • Placebos and ethical considerations
        • Placebos references
      • Drug Safety
    • Adverse Drug Reactions
      • References
      • Classification
        • Classification reference
      • Risk Factors
      • Risk factors references
      • Symptoms and Signs
      • Diagnosis
      • Treatment
      • Prevention
        • Prevention references
    • Medication Errors
      • Unclear prescriptions
      • Inappropriate use of medications
      • Improper storage of medications
      • Drug expiration date exceeded
      • Patient error
      • Miscommunication among health care professionals
      • Reference
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