Some Clinical Uses of Fluoroquinolones
Fluoroquinolone | Use | Comments |
|---|---|---|
Fluoroquinolones except moxifloxacinFluoroquinolones except moxifloxacin | Urinary tract infections when Escherichia coli resistance to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole is resistance to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole is> 15% | Increasing resistance of E. coli in some communities |
Fluoroquinolones | Bacterial prostatitis | — |
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Usually effective | ||
Infectious diarrhea | Effective against most bacterial causes (Campylobacter species, salmonellae, shigellae, vibrios, Yersinia enterocolitica); however, increasing resistance of Campylobacter jejuni in some regions Not used for E. coli O157:H7 or other enterohemorrhagic E. coli Not effective against Clostridioides difficile (formerly Clostridium difficile) | |
OfloxacinOfloxacin | 7-day course | |
Newer fluoroquinolones (delafloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin)Newer fluoroquinolones (delafloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin) | Not first-line therapies because other medications preferred | |
Medications of choice (or azithromycin)Medications of choice (or azithromycin) | ||
CiprofloxacinCiprofloxacin | Can be used empirically (in addition to anti-staphylococcal coverage) based on local antibiogram because it is effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa May be used with another antipseudomonal antibiotic if multidrug resistance is a concern | |
Long-term oral treatment of osteomyelitis due to susceptible bacteria | Because fluoroquinolones have high oral bioavailability and good bone penetration, useful for osteomyelitis | |
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Used extensively during 2001 after bioterrorist attack in United States |