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Urology
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Approach to the Patient With Urologic Issues
Evaluation of the Patient With Urologic Issues
History
Physical Examination
Costovertebral angle
Abdomen
Rectum
Groin and genitals
Testing
Testing references
Genitourinary Imaging Tests
Plain Radiographs Without Contrast
Radiographs With Use of Contrast
IV urography (IVU)
Percutaneous antegrade urography
Retrograde urography
Cystography and cystourethrography
Angiography
Ultrasound
Computed Tomography
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Radionuclide Scanning
Bladder Catheterization
Catheters
Urethral catheterization
Suprapubic catheterization
Reference
Biopsy of the Kidneys, Bladder, and Prostate
Renal biopsy
Bladder biopsy
Prostate biopsy
Urine cytology
References
Cystoscopy
Urethral Dilation
Symptoms of Genitourinary Disorders
Dysuria
Pathophysiology
Etiology
Evaluation
History
Physical examination
Red flags
Interpretation of findings
Testing
Treatment
Treatment reference
Key Points
Hematospermia
Pathophysiology
Etiology
Evaluation
History
Physical examination
Red flags
Interpretation of findings
Testing
Treatment
Key Points
Priapism
Pathophysiology
Ischemic priapism
Nonischemic priapism
Etiology
Evaluation
History
Physical examination
Red flags
Interpretation of findings
Testing
Treatment
Ischemic priapism
Stuttering priapism
Nonischemic priapism
Refractory priapism
Key Points
Painless Scrotal Mass
Etiology
Evaluation
History
Physical examination
Red flags
Interpretation of findings
Testing
Treatment
Key Points
Scrotal Pain
Etiology
Evaluation
History
Physical examination
Red flags
Interpretation of findings
Testing
Treatment
Geriatrics Essentials
Key Points
Urinary Frequency
Pathophysiology
Etiology
Evaluation
History
Physical examination
Red flags
Interpretation of findings
Testing
Treatment
Geriatrics Essentials
Key Points
Benign Prostate Disease
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
General reference
Pathophysiology
Symptoms and Signs
Lower urinary tract symptoms
Urinary retention
Symptom scores
Digital rectal examination
Symptom references
Diagnosis
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels
Other testing
Diagnosis references
Treatment
Urinary retention
Pharmacotherapy
Surgery
Other procedures
Treatment references
Key Points
Prostatitis
Etiology
Classification
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Acute bacterial prostatitis
Chronic bacterial prostatitis
Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
Asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis
Treatment references
Key Points
Prostate Abscess
Reference
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
How To Do Genitourinary Procedures
How To Do Paraphimosis Reduction Without Dorsal Slit
Indications
Contraindications
Complications
Equipment
Additional Considerations
Positioning
Step-by-Step Description of Procedure
Aftercare
Warnings and Common Errors
Tips and Tricks
Reference
How To Do Urethral Catheterization in a Male
Indications
Contraindications
Complications
Equipment
Additional Considerations
Relevant Anatomy
Positioning
Step-by-Step Description of Procedure
Aftercare
Warnings and Common Errors
Tips and Tricks
How To Do Urethral Catheterization in a Female
Indications
Contraindications
Complications
Equipment
Additional Considerations
Relevant Anatomy
Positioning
Step-by-Step Description of Procedure
Aftercare
Warnings and Common Errors
Tips and Tricks
How To Remove a Zipper From a Penis
Indications
Contraindications
Complications
Equipment
Additional Considerations
Positioning
Step-by-Step Description of Procedure
Aftercare
Warnings and Common Errors
Tips and Tricks
Male Sexual Function and Dysfunction
Overview of Male Sexual Function and Dysfunction
Libido
Erection
Emission, Ejaculation, and Orgasm
Ejaculatory dysfunction
References
Erectile Dysfunction
Reference
Etiology
Etiology reference
Diagnosis
Testing
Treatment
Medications for erectile dysfunction
Mechanical devices and procedures
Surgery for erectile dysfunction
Treatment references
Key Points
Obstructive Uropathy
Obstructive Uropathy
Etiology
Pathophysiology
Obstructive nephropathy
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Evaluation of suspected urethral obstruction
Evaluation of ureteral or more proximal obstruction
Evaluation of hydronephrosis without apparent obstruction
Diagnosis reference
Treatment
Treatment reference
Prognosis
Key Points
Penile and Scrotal Disorders
Balanitis, Posthitis, and Balanoposthitis
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Treatment references
Cutaneous Penile Lesions
Balanitis xerotica obliterans
Carcinoma in situ
Penile lichen planus
Pearly penile papules
Contact dermatitis of the penis
Reference
Epididymitis
Etiology
Bacterial epididymitis
Nonbacterial epididymitis
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Treatment reference
Key Points
More Information
Orchitis
References
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Peyronie Disease
General reference
Treatment
Treatment references
Phimosis and Paraphimosis
Phimosis
Paraphimosis
Testicular Torsion
General references
Symptoms and Signs
Symptoms and signs reference
Diagnosis
Treatment
Key Points
More Information
Urethral Stricture
General reference
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Urinary Calculi
Urinary Calculi
References
Etiology
Etiology references
Pathophysiology
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Urinalysis
Imaging tests
Identifying the cause
Diagnosis references
Treatment
Analgesia
Expulsive therapy
Calculus removal
Calculus dissolution
Treatment reference
Prevention
Prevention references
Key Points
Voiding Disorders
Overview of Voiding
Urinary Incontinence in Adults
Types
General references
Etiology
Transient incontinence
Established incontinence
Evaluation
History
Physical examination
Testing
Evaluation reference
Treatment
General measures
Bladder training
Kegel exercises
Medications
Urge incontinence
Stress incontinence
Overflow incontinence
Refractory incontinence
Treatment references
Key Points
Urinary Retention
Diagnosis
Treatment
Treatment reference
Key Points
Neurogenic Bladder
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Catheterization
Medications and other therapies
Surgery
Key Points
Interstitial Cystitis
General reference
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Diagnosis references
Treatment
Choice of treatment
Nonpharmacologic (or behavioral) interventions
Pharmacotherapy
Procedures and major surgery
Treatment references
Key Points
