Aging results in thinning of the dermis Dermis The skin is the body’s largest organ. It serves many important functions, including Protecting the body against trauma Regulating body temperature Maintaining water and electrolyte balance Sensing... read more 
and epidermis Epidermis The skin is the body’s largest organ. It serves many important functions, including Protecting the body against trauma Regulating body temperature Maintaining water and electrolyte balance Sensing... read more . The underlying fat layer Fat layer The skin is the body’s largest organ. It serves many important functions, including Protecting the body against trauma Regulating body temperature Maintaining water and electrolyte balance Sensing... read more can be lost as well. The decrease in volume and overall effectiveness of all three skin layers results in a number of changes. The skin loses some of its elasticity. It becomes drier due to impaired barrier function and decreased production of essential oils such as sebum. The number of nerve endings in the skin decreases, so sensation is diminished. The number of sweat glands and blood vessels decreases as well, reducing the skin's ability to respond to heat exposure. The number of melanocytes tends to decrease with aging, so the skin has less protection against ultraviolet radiation. All of these changes make the skin more susceptible to damage and slower to heal.
Sun damage produces most of the skin changes that people commonly associate with aging (see Overview of Sunlight and Skin Damage Overview of Sunlight and Skin Damage Sunlight stimulates vitamin D production, helps control some chronic skin diseases (such as psoriasis), and causes a sense of well-being. However, sunlight can cause skin damage. Damage includes... read more 
). Long-term exposure to the ultraviolet radiation in sunlight causes fine and coarse wrinkles, irregular pigmentation, brown and red spots, and the rough texture of sun-exposed skin.
(See also Structure and Function of the Skin Structure and Function of the Skin The skin is the body’s largest organ. It serves many important functions, including Protecting the body against trauma Regulating body temperature Maintaining water and electrolyte balance Sensing... read more .)
