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MSDMERCK MANUALConsumer Version
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    Breast Cancer
    • Breast Cancer
      • Risk Factors for Breast Cancer
        • Age
        • Race and ethnicity
        • Family history of breast cancer
        • Breast cancer gene mutation
        • Previous history of breast cancer
        • Age at first menstrual period, first pregnancy, and menopause
        • Benign breast disease
        • Dense breast tissue
        • Oral contraceptives (birth control pills)
        • Hormone therapy
        • Radiation exposure
        • Diet
        • Obesity
        • Smoking and alcohol
      • Types of Breast Cancer
        • Type of tissue
        • Extent of spread
        • Tumor receptors
        • Other characteristics
      • Symptoms
      • Diagnosis
        • Breast biopsy
        • Evaluation after cancer diagnosis
      • Staging
      • Treatment
        • Surgery
        • Removal of the Breast Without Cancer
        • Radiation Therapy
        • Chemotherapy and hormone blockers (tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors)
        • Treatment of Noninvasive Cancer (Stage 0)
        • Treatment of Early-Stage Invasive Cancer (Stages I and II)
        • Treatment of Locally Advanced Cancer (Stage III)
        • Treatment of Cancer That Has Spread (Stage IV) or Recurs
        • Treatment of Specific Types of Breast Cancer
        • Preservation of Fertility
        • Follow-up Care
      • Prognosis
      • End-of-Life Issues
    • Breast Cancer Screening and Prevention
      • Screening
        • Concerns about screening for breast cancer
        • Mammography
        • Breast self-awareness
        • Breast examination by a health care professional
        • Magnetic resonance imaging
      • Prevention
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