Anthrax

People who have been exposed to anthrax

People who may be exposed to anthrax, such as the following:

• Some military personnel

• Some laboratory workers

• Veterinarians

Chickenpox (varicella)

All adults who have not had the vaccine or chickenpox

COVID-19

All people 6 months of age and older (vaccines made by Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna)

All people 12 years of age and older (vaccine made by Novavax)

Diphtheria

All adults (usually as a combination vaccine with tetanus as Td or also with pertussis as Tdap) if they have not already been vaccinated

Pregnant women should receive Tdap during each pregnancy

Ebola

All adults in the United States who are at high risk of occupational exposure to Ebola because they are doing the following:

• Responding to an outbreak of Ebola virus disease

• Working as health care personnel at federally designated Ebola treatment centers in the United States

• Working as laboratory personnel or as other staff at biosafety level 4 facilities in the United States

• Working as laboratory personnel or support staff members at Laboratory Response Network facilities

Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) infections (such as meningitis)

Adults who have not been vaccinated and who are at increased risk, such as the following:

• People who do not have a spleen or their spleen does not work well

• People who have had stem cell transplantation

Hepatitis A

Adults who have not been vaccinated and who are at increased risk, such as the following:

• People who travel to or work in areas where the infection is common

• Men who have sex with men

• People who have a chronic liver disorder or high levels of certain liver enzymes in their blood

• Healthy adults 40 years or under who have recently been exposed to hepatitis A virus

• People who anticipate close contact with an adopted child during the first 60 days after the child arrives in the United States from an area where hepatitis A is common

• People who are homeless

• Pregnant women who are identified to be at risk of getting hepatitis A infection during pregnancy (such as women who are international travelers, who use illicit drugs [injected or not], who may be exposed at work, who anticipate close personal contact with an international adopted child, or who are homeless) or who are at risk of getting very sick or dying of hepatitis A virus infection (such as women who have chronic liver disease or HIV infection)

Hepatitis B

All adults 19–59 years of age and adults 60 years of age and older with risk factors for hepatitis B. Adults 60 years of age and older without known risk factors for hepatitis B may also receive the hepatitis B vaccine. Risk factors include the following:

• Health care or public safety workers

• Travelers to areas where the infection is common

• People with a chronic liver disorder or high levels of certain liver enzymes in their blood

• People with kidney failure who need dialysis

• People who inject illicit drugs

• People who have had more than one sex partner during the past 6 months

• People who need to be evaluated or treated for a sexually transmitted infection

• Men who have sex with men

• Sex partners and household contacts of people known to be carriers of hepatitis B

• People with HIV infection

• People who have diabetes

• People who have spent time (as patients, residents, or employees) in correctional facilities or in facilities that provide services for people at high risk of hepatitis B (such as substance abuse treatment centers, sites for injection drug use, hemodialysis centers, institutions for people with developmental disabilities, and places where people with sexually transmitted infections or HIV infection are tested and treated)

Human papillomavirus (HPV)

All males and females who have not been previously vaccinated (typically at age 11 or 12 years) through age 26 years

All adults 27 to 45 years old should talk with their doctor about whether they should be vaccinated

People who have a weakened immune system, including people with HIV

Influenza

All people over age 6 months

Measles

All adults born in or after 1957 unless they have documentation of vaccination with one or more doses of the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine or laboratory tests detect evidence of measles immunity

Always given as a combination vaccine with mumps and rubella (not available as a single vaccine)

Meningococcal meningitis

Certain people over age 55

People 16 to 23 years of age who want it

People at increased risk, such as the following:

• People who do not have a spleen or their spleen does not work well (including sickle cell disease)

• People with HIV infection

• complement system)

• People who work in a microbiology laboratory who are routinely exposed to the bacteria

• Adolescents if they have not already been vaccinated

• First-year college students who live in dormitories who are 21 years old or younger and who have not been given a dose of the vaccine on or after their 16th birthday

• Military recruits

• Travelers to or residents of areas where the infection is common

• People who have been exposed during a meningitis outbreak

Mumps

All adults born in or after 1957 unless they have documentation of vaccination with one or more doses of the MMR vaccine or laboratory tests detect evidence of mumps immunity

Always given as a combination vaccine with measles and rubella (not available as a single vaccine)

Pertussis (whooping cough)

All adults (usually given as a combination vaccine with tetanus and diphtheria as Tdap) if they have not already been vaccinated

Pregnant women during each pregnancy

Pneumococcal infections (such as meningitis and pneumonia)

All people 65 years old and over

Adults 19 to 64 years old who have certain medical conditions or other risk factors such as the following:

• Chronic heart, lung (including asthma and emphysema), kidney, or liver disorder

• Diabetes

• Cerebrospinal fluid leak

• Weakened immune system (including those with HIV infection, leukemia, lymphoma, or cancer, those who take drugs that suppress the immune system [immunosuppressants], and those who have had certain organ transplants)

• Missing spleen or their spleen does not work well (including those with sickle cell disease)

• Cochlear implant

• Alcohol use disorder

• Cigarette smoking

Polio

Adults at increased risk, such as

• Travelers to areas where polio is common

• Laboratory workers who work with the polio virus

• People who treat people who may have polio

Rabies

People who have been bitten by certain animals

People who may be at increased risk of exposure to infected animals, such as

• Veterinarians and animal handlers

• Laboratory workers who handle animals that may be rabid

• People who explore bat caves

• People who live or stay more than 30 days in developing countries where rabies in dogs is widespread

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

Adults 60 years old and over, using shared clinical decision-making based on discussions with their healthcare provider

Rubella (German measles)

All adults born in or after 1957 unless they have documentation of vaccination with one or more doses of the MMR vaccine or laboratory tests detect evidence of rubella immunity

Women who are planning on becoming pregnant and do not have immunity to rubella

Always given as a combination vaccine with measles and mumps (not available as a single vaccine)

Shingles (herpes zoster)

People 50 years old and over

People 19 years old and over who have or will have a weakened immune system because of a disease or treatment for a disease

Smallpox

Not currently recommended except for people at high risk of being exposed to the smallpox virus, such as laboratory workers who directly handle the virus and related materials

Tetanus

All adults every 10 years (usually as a combination vaccine with tetanus and diphtheria as Td or also with pertussis as Tdap) if they have not already been vaccinated

People who have a wound that poses an increased risk of tetanus if 5 years or longer have elapsed since their previous vaccine dose

Pregnant women should receive Tdap during each pregnancy

Typhoid

People traveling to areas where the infection is common

People who have close contact with a typhoid carrier

Laboratory workers who work with the bacteria that cause typhoid fever

Yellow fever

People traveling to certain parts of Africa and South America, where the infection is common