Some Immunotherapeutic Agents in Clinical Use

Some Immunotherapeutic Agents in Clinical Use
Agent	Effects	Some Indications*
Monoclonal antibodies†
Abciximab	Platelet antiglycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor	Prevention of cardiac ischemic complications in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention or in high-risk patients with acute coronary syndrome
AdalimumabAdalimumab	Anti–TNF-alpha	Ankylosing spondylitis Crohn disease Hidradenitis suppurativa Polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis Rheumatoid arthritis Ulcerative colitis Non-infectious uveitis Chronic plaque psoriasis Psoriatic arthritis
AlemtuzumabAlemtuzumab	Anti–B cell (CD52)	B-cell CLL Relapsing multiple sclerosis
AlirocumabAlirocumab	Anti-proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9	Lowering of LDL cholesterol, as an adjunct to diet and statins, in adults with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia or atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
AtezolizumabAtezolizumab	Anti–PD-L1	Transitional cell (urothelial) carcinoma NSCLC Small cell lung cancer Triple-negative breast cancer Hepatocellular carcinoma BRAF V600 mutation positive melanoma Alveolar soft part sarcoma
Avelumab Avelumab	Anti-PD-L1	Merkel cell carcinoma Renal cell carcinoma Urothelial carcinoma
BasiliximabBasiliximab	Anti–IL-2 receptor	Renal transplantation
BelimumabBelimumab	Anti–B-lymphocyte stimulator protein (anti-BLyS)	Systemic lupus erythematosus
BenralizumabBenralizumab	Anti-IL-5 receptor alpha	Eosinophilic asthma
BevacizumabBevacizumab	Anti–VEGF-A	Epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer Glioblastoma Colorectal cancer HER2-negative breast cancer Renal cell carcinoma Cervical cancer Nonsquamous NSCLC
BezlotoxumabBezlotoxumab	Anti-Clostridioides (formerly, Clostridium) difficile toxin B	C. difficile infection
BlinatumomabBlinatumomab	Bispecific: Anti-CD19 and anti-CD3c	B-cell precursor ALL
Brentuximab vedotinBrentuximab vedotin	Anti-CD30 (linked to the antimitotic agent monomethyl auristatin E)	Hodgkin lymphoma ALCL or other CD30-expressing T cell lymphomas
BrodalumabBrodalumab	Anti-IL-17 receptor A	Plaque psoriasis
BrolucizumabBrolucizumab	Anti-VEGF-A	Diabetic macular edema Neovascular (wet) age-related macular degeneration
BurosumabBurosumab	Anti-fibroblast growth factor 23	X-linked hypophosphatemia
CanakinumabCanakinumab	Anti–IL-1 beta	Juvenile idiopathic arthritis Gout Periodic fever syndromes: Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes TNF receptor–associated periodic syndrome Hyperimmunoglobulin D syndrome (mevalonate kinase deficiency) Familial Mediterranean fever
CaplacizumabCaplacizumab	Anti-von Willebrand factor	Acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
CemiplimabCemiplimab	Anti-PD-1	Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma Basal cell carcinoma NSCLC
Certolizumab (pegylated Fab’ fragment)	Anti–TNF-alpha	Ankylosing spondylitis Crohn disease Plaque psoriasis Rheumatoid arthritis Psoriatic arthritis Nonradiographic axial spondyloarthritis
CetuximabCetuximab	Anti-EGFR	HNSCC Colorectal cancer
CrizanlizumabCrizanlizumab	Anti-P-selectin	Sickle cell disease
DaratumumabDaratumumab	Anti-CD38	Multiple myeloma
DenosumabDenosumab	Anti-RANKL	Giant cell tumor of bone Hypercalcemia of malignancy Osteoporosis Prevention of skeletal-related events (eg, fractures, bone pain) in patients with multiple myeloma or bone metastases from solid tumors To increase bone mass in males receiving androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer and in females receiving adjuvant aromatase inhibitor therapy for breast cancer
DinutuximabDinutuximab	Anti-GD2 glycolipid	Pediatric neuroblastoma
DupilumabDupilumab	Anti-IL-4 receptor alpha	Atopic dermatitis Atopic asthma Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis Eosinophilic esophagitis Prurigo nodularis
DurvalumabDurvalumab	Anti-PD-L1	Urothelial carcinoma NSCLC Small cell lung cancer
EculizumabEculizumab	Anti–complement component C5	Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
ElotuzumabElotuzumab	Anti-SLAMF7	Multiple myeloma
EmapalumabEmapalumab	Anti-IFN-gamma	Primary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
EmicizumabEmicizumab	Bispecific anti-factor IXa and anti-factor X	Prevention or reduction of bleeding episodes in patients with hemophilia A
Enfortumab vedotinEnfortumab vedotin	Anti-Nectin-4 linked to the antimitotic drug monomethyl auristatin E	Urothelial cancer
ErenumabErenumab	Anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor	Migraine prevention
EvolocumabEvolocumab	Anti-proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9	Cardiovascular risk reduction in patients with coronary artery disease Lowering of LDL-cholesterol in familial hypercholesterolemia or atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
FremanezumabFremanezumab	Anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor	Migraine prevention
GalcanezumabGalcanezumab	Anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor	Migraine prevention
Gemtuzumab	Anti-CD33 ozogamicin conjugate	CD33+ acute myeloid leukemia
GolimumabGolimumab	Anti–TNF-alpha	Rheumatoid arthritis Psoriatic arthritis Ankylosing spondylitis Ulcerative colitis
GuselkumabGuselkumab	Anti-IL-23	Plaque psoriasis Psoriatic arthritis
IbalizumabIbalizumab	Anti-CD4	Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 infection
Ibritumomab tiuxetanIbritumomab tiuxetan	Anti–CD20 linked to the radioactive agent yttrium 90	B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma
IdarucizumabIdarucizumab	Anti-dabigatran	Reversal of the anticoagulant effects of dabigatran when needed for emergency surgery/urgent procedures or in life-threatening or uncontrolled bleedingReversal of the anticoagulant effects of dabigatran when needed for emergency surgery/urgent procedures or in life-threatening or uncontrolled bleeding
InfliximabInfliximab	Anti–TNF-alpha	Crohn disease or ulcerative colitis Rheumatoid arthritis Ankylosing spondylitis Psoriatic arthritis Plaque psoriasis
Inotuzumab	Anti-CD22-ozogamicin conjugate	B-cell precursor ALL
IpilimumabIpilimumab	Anti–CTLA-4	Melanoma Renal cell carcinoma Colorectal cancer
IsatuximabIsatuximab	Anti-CD38	Multiple myeloma
IxekizumabIxekizumab	Anti-IL17A	Plaque psoriasis Psoriatic arthritis Ankylosing spondylitis
LanadelumabLanadelumab	Anti-plasma kallikrein	Hereditary angioedema
MepolizumabMepolizumab	Anti-IL-5	Eosinophilic asthma Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis Hypereosinophilic syndrome
MogamulizumabMogamulizumab	Anti-CCR4	Mycosis fungoides Sezary syndrome
Moxetumomab pasudotoxMoxetumomab pasudotox	Anti-CD22 linked to a truncated form of Pseudomonas exotoxin PE38	Hairy cell leukemia
NatalizumabNatalizumab	Anti–alpha-4 integrin subunit	Multiple sclerosis Crohn disease
NecitumumabNecitumumab	EGFR1	Squamous NSCLC
NivolumabNivolumab	Anti–PD-1	Melanoma NSCLC Mesothelioma Renal cell carcinoma Hodgkin lymphoma HNSCC Urothelial carcinoma Colorectal cancer Hepatocellular carcinoma Esophageal cancers and gastroesophageal cancers Gastric cancer
ObiltoxaximabObiltoxaximab	Anti-protective antigen of Bacillus anthracis	Inhalational anthrax (used with antibiotics)
ObinutuzumabObinutuzumab	Anti-CD20	Follicular lymphoma CLL
OcrelizumabOcrelizumab	Anti-CD20	Multiple sclerosis
OfatumumabOfatumumab	Anti‒CD20	CLL
OmalizumabOmalizumab	Anti-IgE	Asthma Urticaria
PalivizumabPalivizumab	Anti-respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) F protein	Prevention of serious lower respiratory tract RSV disease
PanitumumabPanitumumab	Anti-EGFR	Colorectal cancer
PembrolizumabPembrolizumab	Anti–PD-1	Melanoma NSCLC Small cell lung cancer HNSCC Hodgkin lymphoma B-cell lymphoma Urothelial carcinoma Colorectal cancer Gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma Squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus Cervical cancer Hepatocellular carcinoma Merkel cell carcinoma Renal cell carcinoma Endometrial carcinoma
PertuzumabPertuzumab	Anti-HER2	Breast cancer
Polatuzumab	Anti-CD79b	B-cell lymphoma
RamucirumabRamucirumab	Anti–VEGFR-2	Colorectal cancer NSCLC Gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma Hepatocellular carcinoma
RanibizumabRanibizumab	Anti-VEGF	Neovascular (wet) age-related macular degeneration Macular edema after retinal vein occlusion Diabetic macular edema Diabetic retinopathy Myopic choroidal neovascularization
RavulizumabRavulizumab	Anti-C5	Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome Myasthenia gravis
RaxibacumabRaxibacumab	Anti-protective antigen of Bacillus anthracis	Inhalational anthrax
ReslizumabReslizumab	Anti-IL-5	Eosinophilic asthma
RisankizumabRisankizumab	Anti-IL-23p19	Plaque psoriasis Psoriatic arthritis
RituximabRituximab	Anti–CD20	CD20+ B-cell lymphomas Leukemias Rheumatoid arthritis Pemphigus vulgaris Granulomatosis with polyangiitis Microscopic polyangiitis
RomosozumabRomosozumab	Anti-sclerostin	Osteoporosis
SarilumabSarilumab	Anti-IL-6 receptor	Rheumatoid arthritis Polymyalgia rheumatica
SecukinumabSecukinumab	Anti–IL-17A	Ankylosing spondylitis Non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis Psoriatic arthritis Plaque psoriasis
SiltuximabSiltuximab	Anti–IL-6	Multicentric Castleman disease
Sotrovimab	Anti-SARS-Cov-2 conserved spike epitope	COVID-19
TeprotumumabTeprotumumab	Anti-IGF-1 receptor	Thyroid eye disease
TildrakizumabTildrakizumab	Anti-IL-23	Plaque psoriasis
TocilizumabTocilizumab	Anti–IL-6 receptor	Rheumatoid arthritis Juvenile idiopathic arthritis Giant cell arteritis Cytokine release syndrome following CAR T cell treatment
Tositumomab	Anti–CD20 linked to radioactive iodine [¹³¹I]	CD20+non-Hodgkin lymphoma
TrastuzumabTrastuzumab	Anti–HER2	HER2+ breast cancer HER2+ stomach or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma
UstekinumabUstekinumab	Anti–IL-12 and –IL-23	Plaque psoriasis Crohn disease Ulcerative colitis Psoriatic arthritis
VedolizumabVedolizumab	Anti–alpha-4 beta-7 integrin	Ulcerative colitis Crohn disease
Fusion proteins
Abatacept (CTLA-4 extracellular domain fused to the Fc region of IgG1)Abatacept (CTLA-4 extracellular domain fused to the Fc region of IgG1)	Inhibition of T-cell activation	Rheumatoid arthritis Juvenile idiopathic arthritis Psoriatic arthritis Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Aflibercept (portions of VEGF extracellular domains fused to the Fc region of IgG1Aflibercept (portions of VEGF extracellular domains fused to the Fc region of IgG1	Inhibition of neovascularization and vascular permeability	Neovascular (wet) age-related macular degeneration
Denileukin diftitox (fusion of IL-2 to diphtheria toxin)Denileukin diftitox (fusion of IL-2 to diphtheria toxin)	Delivery of toxin to CD25 component of IL-2 receptor	CD25+ cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
Etanercept (fusion of 2 CD120b TNF-alpha receptors to Fc region of IgG1)Etanercept (fusion of 2 CD120b TNF-alpha receptors to Fc region of IgG1)	Decrease in TNF levels	Rheumatoid arthritis Juvenile idiopathic arthritis Psoriatic arthritis Ankylosing spondylitis Plaque psoriasis
Soluble cytokine receptor
Anakinra (IL-1 receptor antagonist, sometimes pegylated for longer half-life)Anakinra (IL-1 receptor antagonist, sometimes pegylated for longer half-life)	Competitive inhibition of IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta activities	Rheumatoid arthritis Neonatal-onset multisystem inflammatory disease (NOMID) Deficiency of IL-1 receptor antagonist (DIRA) Gout Calcium pyrophosphate arthritis (pseudogout)
Cytokines
IFN-alpha	Antiproliferative and antiviral	Chronic hepatitis B Chronic hepatitis C AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma Chronic myeloid leukemia Condylomata acuminata Hairy cell leukemia Melanoma Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
IFN-beta	Antiproliferative and antiviral	Multiple sclerosis
IFN-gamma	Immunostimulatory and antiviral	Control of infection in chronic granulomatous disease Malignant osteopetrosis
IL-2	Immunostimulatory	Renal cell carcinoma Melanoma
IL-11	Thrombopoietic growth factor	Thrombocytopenia
G-CSF	Stimulation of granulocyte production	Neutropenia
GM-CSF	Stimulation of granulocyte and monocyte/macrophage production	Neutropenia
Cellular therapy
Axicabtagene ciloleucel (CAR T)Axicabtagene ciloleucel (CAR T)	CD19-directed genetically modified autologous T-cell	B-cell lymphoma
Sipuleucel-TSipuleucel-T	Autologous circulating ICAM-1+ peripheral blood mononuclear cells activated with prostatic acid phosphatase and GM-CSF	Prostate cancer
Tisagenlecleucel (CAR T)Tisagenlecleucel (CAR T)	CD19-directed genetically modified autologous T-cell	B-cell precursor ALL B-cell lymphoma
* Many immunotherapeutic agents are only approved for use in certain subgroups of patients (eg, based on age, subtype and stage of disease, previous treatment, etc). They are often used in conjunction with other medications. Refer to prescribing information for more details.
† mAbs used for diagnostic testing and radiologic imaging are not included. The Antibody Society maintains a comprehensive list of approved antibody therapeutics and those in regulatory review in the United States and the European Union.
ALCL = anaplastic large cell lymphoma; ALL = acute lymphoblastic leukemia; ANCA = antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies; CAR = chimeric antigen receptor; CD = cluster of differentiation; CLL = chronic lymphocytic leukemia; CTLA = cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen; EGFR = epidermal growth factor receptor; Fc = crystallizable fragment; G-CSF = granulocyte colony-stimulating factor; GM-CSF = granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; HER2 = human epidermal growth factor receptor 2; HNSCC = head and neck squamous cell carcinoma; ICAM = intercellular adhesion molecule; IFN = interferon; IL = interleukin; LDL = low density lipoprotein; mAb = monoclonal antibody; MRD = minimal residual disease; NSCLC = non small cell lung cancer; PD-L1 = programmed death–ligand 1; RANKL = receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa beta ligand; SLAMF7 = signaling lymphocyte activation molecule family member 7; TNF = tumor necrosis factor; VEGF-A = vascular endothelial growth factor A; VEGFR = VEGF receptor.

* Many immunotherapeutic agents are only approved for use in certain subgroups of patients (eg, based on age, subtype and stage of disease, previous treatment, etc). They are often used in conjunction with other medications. Refer to prescribing information for more details.

† mAbs used for diagnostic testing and radiologic imaging are not included. The Antibody Society maintains a comprehensive list of approved antibody therapeutics and those in regulatory review in the United States and the European Union.

ALCL = anaplastic large cell lymphoma; ALL = acute lymphoblastic leukemia; ANCA = antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies; CAR = chimeric antigen receptor; CD = cluster of differentiation; CLL = chronic lymphocytic leukemia; CTLA = cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen; EGFR = epidermal growth factor receptor; Fc = crystallizable fragment; G-CSF = granulocyte colony-stimulating factor; GM-CSF = granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; HER2 = human epidermal growth factor receptor 2; HNSCC = head and neck squamous cell carcinoma; ICAM = intercellular adhesion molecule; IFN = interferon; IL = interleukin; LDL = low density lipoprotein; mAb = monoclonal antibody; MRD = minimal residual disease; NSCLC = non small cell lung cancer; PD-L1 = programmed death–ligand 1; RANKL = receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa beta ligand; SLAMF7 = signaling lymphocyte activation molecule family member 7; TNF = tumor necrosis factor; VEGF-A = vascular endothelial growth factor A; VEGFR = VEGF receptor.

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Immunotherapeutics